STUDIES ON ORGANIC ELECTROLYTES FOR BATTERIES

考察了有机溶剂和锂盐的几种组合作为常温锂电池的电解液。以碳酸亚丙酯(PC)、环丁砜(SL)和二甲基亚砜(DMSO)为高介电常数溶剂，1，2-二甲氧基乙烷(DME)、四氢呋喃(THF)等为低粘度溶剂。锂盐的导电性通过溶剂共混得到了改善。在混合溶剂体系中获得了最大电导率。&lt；LiPF_6&gt；溶液的电导率远高于&lt；LiClO_4&gt；或&lt；libf_4&gt；溶液，尤其是在混合溶剂体系中。锂负极的充放电循环效率不仅与溶剂组成有关，而且与电解盐有关。在电导率较高的电解液中观察到较高的效率。在镍衬底上，~lt；LiPF_6&gt；/DMSO(或SL)-DME的效率最高。当铝被用作衬底时，在含有&lt；LiClO_4&gt；或&lt；libf_4&gt；的溶液中，锂的可充性也很高。冠醚的加入有效地提高了PC基溶液的电导率，提高了Li/TiS_2电池的充电能力。

Several combinations of organic solvents and lithium (Li) salts were examined as the electrolytes of ambient temperature Li batteries. Propylene carbonate (PC), sulfolane (SL), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were used as the high permittivity solvents, and 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), tetrahydrofuran (THF) and the like were used as the low viscosity solvents. The conductivity of Li salts was improved by blending the solvents, ie. maximum conductivities were obtained in the mixed solvent systems. The <LiPF_6> solutions had much higher conductance than those of <LiClO_4> or <LiBF_4> , especially in the mixed solvent systems. The charge-discharge cycling efficiency of the Li negative electrode was markedly dependent not only on the solvent composition but the electrolytic salt. Higher efficiencies were observed in the electrolytes with higher conductivities. The highest efficiency on the Ni substrate was obtained in <LiPF_6> /DMSO(or SL)-DME. High rechargeability of Li was also expected in the solution containing <LiClO_4> or <LiBF_4> when Al was used as the substrate. The addition of crown ethers was effective for the improvements in the electrolytic conductivity of the PC-based solution and the recharge-ability of the Li/ <TiS_2> cell.