Follow-up Study on the Adaptation Process of Japanese Returnees from Foreign Countries

本研究的目的是对本课题组10年前进行文化适应研究的海归进行跟踪研究，以澄清以下与这些在童年时期就接触过不同文化的海归有关的问题：(1)这些海归拥有怎样的个性和文化认同？（2）他们的人格是如何形成的，通过哪些过程形成的？(3)In特别是，他们最有可能影响人格形成的跨文化经历是什么？本研究的目的是探讨留学生适应日本社会和学校的社会意义和个人意义。（1）童年在国外生活过的归国人员的人格形成受到多种因素的影响，包括对国外生活的看法、在国外停留的时间、语言能力，与日本社会建立认同和共鸣的水平。(2)就海归对海外生活的看法而言，十年前和现在大体上没有太大的差别。然而，每个返回者的适应过程各不相同，在适应过程中，观念也发生变化。因此，有必要从长远的角度来审视跨文化经验的意义。(3)总体而言，海归积极评价他们的跨文化经历，并且适应得很好，具有广泛的视野。(4)然而，为了利用他们的跨文化经验，家庭、朋友和学校的支持是很重要的。

The purpose of this study is to make a follow-up research of the returnees, with whom the present research group studied their cultural adaptation ten years ago, to clarify the following questions relating those returnees who have expossed to different cultures in their childhood.: (1) What kind of personality and cultural identy di those returnees possess? (2)How and through which processes has their personality been formed? (3)In particular, what are their cross-cultural experiences which most likely affect to the personality formation? Ulimitely the study intend to examine the social and personal meanings of adaptation of returnees to Japanese society and school.The findings of the study can be summerized as follows: (1)The formation of personality of returnees who have lived abroad in their childhood, have been affected by various factors, including their perception of living abroad, length of stay abrosd, language ability, level of establishing identity and empathy with Japanese society.(2) With regard the perception of returnees of living abroad, in general no great difference exists between ten years ago and now. However, the process of adaptation of individual returnees varies, and the perception also changes in the course of adaptation. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the meanings of cross-cultural experience in a long term.(3) In general, the returnees positively appreciate their cross-cultural experience, and have adapted well possessing a wide point of veiw.(4) In order to utilize their cross-cultural experiences, however, the supports of family, friends and schools are of importance.