Studies on the environmental control of the culture vessels and the facilities for plant tissue culture.

本研究的目的是建立组培容器内气体和光照强度的测量系统，研究容器内环境对组培苗生长的影响，主要结果如下：1.利用气相色谱仪建立了组培容器内CO@>D22@>D2气体浓度的测定系统，并在不同光照强度下，对组培苗进行了CO_2增浓、蔗糖增浓和蔗糖增浓培养。结果表明，在无糖培养条件下，高光合光通量条件下CO_2浓度的增加促进了试管苗的生长.考察了密封件（铝箔盖、聚丙烯成型盖、硅泡沫橡胶塞和聚碳酸酯成型盖）、容器（玻璃平底试管和玻璃锥形瓶等）、培养架表面和培养室内部的反射率、荧光灯的数量和封闭容器的位置对封闭容器内光强的影响。每个血管内的光子通量取决于上述因素。这对于提高组织培养的生产率是重要的。使用小型有机聚合物湿度传感器在黑暗和光照期间测量具有和不具有透气塑料膜的塑料密封件的容器内的相对湿度。容器内的相对湿度与容器的封闭方式、试管苗的大小和容器内的光照强度有关，这些测量数据可为组培环境控制研究提供参考。

The purpose of this study is to deveolp measuring systems of gases and light intensity inside the tissue culture vessel and to investigate the effects of environment in the vessel on the growth of tissue cultured plantlets.The results can be summarized as follows:1. The measuring system of CO@>D22@>D2 gas concentration inside the tissue culture vessel was developed by using a gas chromatograph.Plantlets were cultured with or without CO_2 enrichment and with or without sugar in the medium under different light intensities. We found that the growth of plantlets in vitro had been promoted by the CO_2 enrichment under high photosynthetic photon flux without any sugar in the medium.2. The effects were investigated of closures (aluminum foil cap, polypropylene formed cap, silicon foam rubber plug and polycarbonate formed lid), vessels (glass flat bottom test tube and glass Erlenmeyer flask etc.), the reflectivity of the culture shelf surfaces and of the inside of culture room, the number of fluorescent lamps, and the positions of closed vessels on light intensities inside closed vessels. The photon flux inside each vessel was dependent on the above factors. which are of importance for improving productivity of the tissue culture.3. The relative humidity inside the vessels with plastic closures with and without gas permeable plastic films were measured using a small organic polymer humidity sensor through the dark and light period. The relative humidity inside the vessel was dependent on the kind of closures, the size of the plantlets and the light intensities inside the vessel.The measured data will be useful for studies on environmental control in tissue culture.