ANALYSIS OF NEURONAL RESPONSIVENESS IN PRESTRIATE CORTEX USING CONPUTER-CONTROLLED HIGH-SPEED CRT DISPLAYS.

三维视觉刺激器由计算机、RAM盘和两个高速CRT构成，用于呈现视觉线索(运动视差和大小变化)以感知3D运动。用三维刺激仪对正常猫和暹罗猫的Clare-Bishop(CB)皮层神经元反应性进行了研究。正常CB细胞由双眼驱动，通过单一的运动视差(MD)或MD与大小改变(SC)的联合呈现而最佳地被激活。对MD单一表现的反应可分为三种类型：1)MD最佳激活的AP细胞AP运动，MD激活RC运动的隐性(RC)细胞，以及FP运动的MD激活的额平行(FP)细胞。对联合视觉线索的反应包括AP和RC对AP运动与尺寸增大的MD或RC运动与尺寸减小的MD的组合反应。在暹罗猫中，实际上17-19区的所有细胞都是单眼驱动的，而在DB皮质中发现了大量的双眼细胞。相应地，对于MD的单一呈现或MD和SC的联合呈现，CB皮质包含所有类型的3D细胞。因此，至少在暹罗猫中，CB皮层是编码双眼3D运动信号的第一阶段，而且很可能在正常猫中，CB皮质也是整合3D运动信号的地方。

A three-dimensional (3D) visual stimulator was constructed of a computer, a RAM disk and two high speed CRTs to present visual cues (motion disparity and size change) for perception of 3D motion. Neuronal responsiveness was investigated in Clare-Bishop (CB) cortex of the normal and siamese cats using the 3D stimulator. Normal CB cells were binocularly driven and were optimally activated by single presentation of motion disparity (MD) or combined presentation of MD with size change (SC). Those responsive to single presentation of MD were classified into three response types: 1) Approaching (AP) cells optimally activated by the MD for AP motion, recessive (RC) cells activated by the MD for RC motion, and frontoparallel (FP) cells activated by the MD for FP motion. Those responsive to the combined visual cues included AP and RC responsive to either a combination of the MD for AP motion vs size increase or that of the MD for RC motion vs size decrease.In siamese cats practically all cells in areas 17-19 were monocularly driven, while numerous binocular cells were found in DB cortex. Correspondingly, CB cortex contained all types of 3D cells responsive to single presentation of MD or combined presentation of MD and SC. Therefore, at least in siamese cats the CB cortex is the first stage that encodes binocular 3D motion signals, and it is likely that the CB cortex is the place for integration of 3D motion signals also in normal cats.