Color appearance of light-source and surface color stimuli measured by the psychophysical experiment.

本研究通过心理物理实验，测量了光源和表面颜色刺激在大范围色彩空间中的颜色外观。1. 对于表面颜色刺激，给出424张OSA颜色图，观察者用单元素颜色名称（分类颜色命名）描述每个刺激的颜色外观。结果表明，在所有发达的语言中都存在11个颜色名称，并且可以通过这些颜色名称将色彩空间划分为11个基本类别。2. 对于光源颜色刺激，提出了195种不同颜色的光，几乎均匀地放置在CIE1976u‘v’色度图中，观察者通过1)彩色和消色差成分的比例（饱和度），2)红、黄、绿、蓝成分的比例（色调）来描述每种刺激的颜色外观。结果表明，在高纯度区域，观察者之间各独特色相区域的符合性较好，而在低纯度区域，个体差异增大。光源和表面颜色刺激的直接比较结果表明，光源刺激比相同色度的表面颜色刺激更不饱和，更偏黄。

In this research, color appearance of light-source and surface color stimuli in a wide range of color space were measured by the psychophysical experiments. 1. For surface color stimuli, 424 OSA color charts were presented and the observers described the color appearance of each stimulus by monolexemic color name (categorical color naming). The results showed that there exist eleven color names in all well-developed languages, and that a color space can be divided into eleven basic categories by these color names. 2. For light-source color stimuli, 195 different color lights almost equally placed in the CIE1976u'v'chromaticity diagram were presented and the observers described the color appearance of each stimulus by 1)the ratio of chromatic and achromatic component (saturation), 2)the ratio of red, yellow, green, and blue component (hue). The results showed that the coincidence of each unique hue area among observers is good in high purity region while individual differences increase in low purity region. The result of the direct comparison between light-source and surface color stimuli showed that light-source stimuli appear less saturated and more yellowish that the surface color stimuli of the same chromaticities.