A PHYLOGENETICAL STUDY OF CRYPTOMERIA CUTTING-CULTIVARS BY MEANS OF ISOZYME ANALYSIS

在日本西南部有200多个杉、柳杉D、唐的无性系栽培品种。这里的栽培品种是指一组通过扦插繁殖的树木，并且一个栽培品种内的树木具有看似相似的表型。由于这些品种大多数是在几个世纪以前建立的，在某些情况下，它们可能是一个单一的克隆，而大多数情况下可能是未知数量的克隆混合物，但不是那么多。本研究采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直平板凝胶电泳技术，对杉属针叶组织的等位酶变异进行了检测，并利用8个酶系统的9个位点和1条带型对各品种内的无性系进行了鉴别。对九州地区72个品种的244个个体和本州地区31个品种的144个个体进行了同工酶分析。即，对个体测定了二酰亚胺酸脱氢酶、6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶、磷酸葡萄糖变位酶、亮氨酸氨基肽酶、甲萘醌还原酶等，并估计了每个位点的基因型。根据品种内个体间的基因型变异数估计无性系混合数，在这些材料中最常见的是2 ~ 5个无性系混合。通过对九州地区栽培品种的判别分析，将其分为两大类，即所谓的老品种，如米濑、绫、矢吹，以及其他品种，其中包括属于杉尾、杉吉野的品种和实生品系。

There are now more than two hundred vegetative(clonal) cultivars of sugi, Cryptomeria japonica D, Don in southwestern Japan, Here, the cultivar mean a group of trees being propagated by cuttings and the trees within a cultivar have seemingly similar phenotype. As most of these cultivars were established more than some centuries ago, they might, in some cases, be a single clone, and most of the cases might be clonal mixture with unknown numbers, but not so much. In this investigation, using polyacrylaminde vertical slab gel electrophoresis, we developed methods for detecting allozyme variants of sugi needle tissues, and 9 loci and one banding pattern for 8 enzyme systems were used for discrimination of clones within each cultivar.Sample plants or sample leaves were collected from several research institutions where they have made collection plantations or gardens of these cultivars. Total of 244 individuals for 72 cultivars from Kyushu area and of 144 individuals for 31 cultivars from Honshu area were analyzed on their isozymes. Namely, Dhikimate dehydrogenase, 6-Phosphogluco nate dehydrogenase, Phospooglucomutase, Leucine aminopeptidse, Menadion reductase and others assayed for individuals, and their genotyes for each locus were estimated. By the numbers of genotypic variation among individuals within cultivar, clonal mixture was estimated.Two to five clonal mixtures were most frequently observed in these materials. After discriminant analysis of the cultivars in Kyushu area, they are classified into two major groups, namely so called old cultivars such as mease, aya, yabukuguri, and others in which cultivars belonging to obi sugi, yoshino sugi and seedling strains are involved.