Population persistence mechanism of marine benthic invertebrates and analysis of the influence of biotic interactions

在多岩石的海岸，进行了无柄藤壶的种群研究。高潮带小型种Chthalumuschallengeri在不同潮位亚种群间的生殖特征和种群序列均存在明显差异。估计了各亚种群的总生殖输出量和定居补充量，并讨论了种群持续性机制。还研究了长寿的黑藤壶和鹅颈藤壶。另一方面，最强大的食草动物之一，普通日本石鳖的放牧和推土的影响，使用的包容/排斥笼实验进行了研究。研究结果表明：（1）石砾海岸上移动的食草性软体动物群落的空间利用和食物利用;（2）附生端足类甲壳动物群落的数量动态表明，海藻生物量的季节性波动较大。通过人工漂流实验研究了浮游动物在漂流季节的命运，记录了Caprellids的种特异性反应。通过水下作业，对造礁珊瑚分布区北方外围的生态学特征进行了研究。通过野外观察和水族箱观察，研究了温带环境下珊瑚有性生殖的可能性，证实了13种2变型珊瑚的有性生殖，并研究了产卵的月周期性。

In rocky shore, population studies on sessile barnacles were carried out. In Chthamalus challengeri, a small high intertidal species, distinct differences were observed among different tide level sub populations in both reproductive characteristics and demographic population sequences. Total reproductive out put and settled recruits were estimated for each subpopulation, and the population persistence mechanisms were discussed. Long-lived black barnacle and a goose-neck barnacle were also studied. On the other hand, one of the most powerful grazer, common Japanese chiton was investigated for its grazing and bulldozing impact using the inclusion/exclusion cage experiment. Mobile grazing mollusk guild on the boulder shore is also examined for their space and food utilization.For epiphytic amphipod crustacea, population dynamics of caprellids on the Sargassum which shows drastic seasonal fluctuation of algal biomass. The fate of epiphytic animal at the algal drifting season was investigated by artificial drifting experiment, species specific response were recorded among Caprellids. Maternal care habits were discovered in a few caprellids, and its significance for offspring survival was discussed in the context of reproductive strategy.For ecology of reef building corals in the northern periphery of distribution range, fauna and ecological distribution patterns were investigated by intensive underwater works. Possibility of sexual reproduction in the temperate environment was examined both in the field and aquarium observation, sexual reproduction was confirmed in 13 species and 2 morphs of corals, and lunar periodicity of spawning was examined.