Dangerous Offences by Psychotics- A Study of Causative Factors and Prevention of the Offences -

本文以司法档案为依据，对320例精神分裂症患者的犯罪史进行调查，分析其犯罪原因，探讨预防措施。1980年，法官或检察官允许这些罪犯以精神错乱为辩护理由，其中包括119起谋杀案、74起纵火案、12起抢劫案、19起性犯罪案和96起人身伤害案。在大多数情况下，患者在犯罪时无法接受任何精神病治疗，与家人生活在一起。问题是家属不理解，病人拒绝治疗。在抢劫、伤害、杀人等犯罪中，可以看到一群独居、有重复危险犯罪倾向的病人。大约百分之十的病人有四次以上的犯罪记录。根据犯罪史的不同，可将其分为“人格诱发型”和“精神病诱发型”。一些在精神病院重复暴力犯罪的病人引起了我们对将他们与普通病人在同一病房治疗的风险的关注。在大多数情况下，病人没有被起诉并被送进精神病院，但其中许多人在很短的时间内就离开了医院。在这个国家，医疗决定有时不考虑累犯的风险。影响精神分裂症患者重复犯罪的重要因素有：a.多次被捕; B.治疗困难; c.反社会人格; d.不良环境。作为一种较好的医疗模式，我们提出了一种基于三级管理结构的医疗模式。但对于屡犯的案件，我们认为有必要采取安全措施。

On the basis of the judicial files, we investigated the criminal history of the 320 cases of schizophrenic offenders, and made an attempt to analyze the causative factors of the offences and examine prevention of them. These offenders were allowed the defense of insanity by the judge or the prosecuter during 1980, and were consisted of 119 cases of murder,74 of arson, 12 of robbery, 19 of sex offences and 96 of bodily injuries.1. In most cases, patients could not receive any psychiatric treatment at the time of offences, living with their families. The problem is lack of understanding of their families and refusal of treatment by the patients.2. A group of patients who live alone and tend to repeat dangerous crimes can be seen among the offenders who committed robbery, bodily injuries and murders.3. About ten percent of patients have more than four criminal records. According to difference of criminal history, they may be classified into two groups, namely, "personality-induced type" and "psychosis-induced type"4. Some patients who repeated violent offences in mental hospitals arouse our attention to the risk of treating them together with general patients in the same ward.5. In Most cases, patients were not prosecuted and admitted to mental hospitals, but many of them left the hospital after rather short time. Medical decisions are given sometimes with no regard to the risk of recidivism, in this country.6. The important factors affecting repetition of crimes by schizophrenics are: a.Many times of previous arrest; b.Difficulty of treatment; c.Antisocial personality; d.Bad environment.7. As a better plan of medical model, we presented one based on the three classes of administrative structure. But for the cases of repeated offences, we feel the need of security measures.