New methodologies for analytically modelling and compensation of phase noise based distortions in continuous wave radar

在多普勒和FMCW等连续波雷达中，基于相位噪声的干扰对雷达的距离、正确分辨和探测目标的概率以及测距和测速的不确定度等关键雷达参数有很大影响。高反射目标，如天线天线罩上的反射和发射机和接收机之间的直接串扰，加上相位噪声，会增加整个基带信号的噪声水平。相位噪声还会降低和模糊目标拍频或目标多普勒频率下的频谱功率密度。后一种效应随着目标距离的增加而增加。尽管CW/FMCW雷达在工业和交通运输中得到了大规模应用，尽管进行了大量的研究工作，但到目前为止，这些问题只是基于简化近似的分析模型很差。作为对这些问题的有效解决方案出现的方法也很少。拟议的项目将集中在这两个研究问题上。项目的主要目标是对申请人提出的一种补偿FMCW雷达相噪干扰的新概念进行基础性研究，并通过仿真和经验验证对其进行分析验证。在这种突破性的雷达概念中，两个相反的调频部分雷达信号被同时发射，当接收到这些信号时，在混频器中被转换为两个独立的具有反相相位噪声失真分量的相干基带信号。探索性研究表明，基于相位噪声的干扰可以通过平衡两个基带信号来完全补偿。如果在分析和实验上都得到成功验证，这将是FMCW雷达技术的游戏规则改变者。项目的次要目标是进一步补充和完善现有的分析相位噪声干扰模型和模拟方法--事实上，申请人过去在这方面作出了重要贡献。到目前为止，干扰主要是利用几个简化的假设来建模的，例如均匀分布/白相位噪声模型和小信号近似，这些假设更多的是理论上的，而不是实际的。现在的目的是考虑接收机混频过程中的真实有色相位噪声特性曲线及其与距离相关的影响。其目的是弥补目前雷达相位噪声理论中的空白。此外，将有可能第一次准确地预测和真实地模拟功能接口中的干扰效应，这些影响到目前为止还没有得到很好的建模。这些进展还将有助于对拟议的新雷达概念进行验证。

Critical radar parameters such as range and the probability of correctly resolving and detecting a targets and the uncertainty of measuring range and speed are greatly impacted by phase-noise-based interference in continuous wave radar such as Doppler and FMCW radar. Highly reflective targets, like reflections at the antenna radome and direct crosstalk between transmitter and receiver in conjunction with phase noise increase the noise level across the entire baseband signal. Phase noise also reduces and blurs the spectral power density at the target beat or target Doppler frequencies. The latter effect increases with the target distance. Despite the application of CW/FMCW radar at scale in industry and transportation and despite considerable research efforts, these issues, to date, have only been poorly modelled analytically based on simplified approximations. Very few methodologies have emerged as efficient solutions to the issues either. The proposed project will focus on these two research issues. The primary project objective is the fundamental investigation of a novel radar concept proposed by the applicant for compensating phase-noise-based interference in FMCW radar and its analytical verification, by simulation, as well as its empirical verification. In this ground-breaking radar concept, two opposing frequency modulated partial radar signals are transmitted simultaneously, which, when received, are converted in the mixer to two separate coherent baseband signals with phase-noise distortion components that are reverse phased. Phase-noise-based interference can be fully compensated by balancing both baseband signals, as exploratory research has indicated. This would be a game-changer in FMCW radar technology if successfully verified both analytically and experimentally. The secondary project objective is to further supplement and refine existing analytical phase noise disturbance models and simulation methodologies – indeed, the applicant has made important contributions in this regard in the past. Interference has heretofore been mainly modeled utilizing several simplifying assumptions, such as evenly distributed / white phase-noise models and small signal approximations, which were more theoretical than practical. The intention now is to consider the real colored phase-noise characteristic curves and their range-related correlation effects in the receiver mixing process. The aim is to close gaps in current radar phase noise theory. In addition, it will be possible for the first time to precisely predict and realistically simulate the interference effects in functional interfaces, which have not heretofore been well modelled. These advances will also aid the verification of the proposed new radar concept.