Design of High-Performance Ion-Sensisng Membranes Using Calixarene Ionaphores

本文以杯芳烃离子载体为载体，设计高性能的钠离子传感器为目标，对离子敏感场效应晶体管（ISFET）和方便的微型离子传感器件进行了深入的研究。虽然增塑聚氯乙烯（PVC）可以通过改变活性物质来制备多种离子敏感膜，但PVC离子敏感膜作为离子敏感场效应晶体管（ISFET）用膜，其稳定性不高，与FET栅表面的粘附性差，活性物质和增塑剂易从膜中渗出进入测量样品溶液中。硅橡胶是一种很好的替代增塑PVC的ISFET有机离子敏感膜材料，但存在离子敏感材料在硅橡胶中的溶解性或分散性的缺点，设计了不对称杯[4]芳烃离子载体作为钠ISFET的中性载体，其上没有三个酯键和一个酰胺键作为阳离子结合位点。其中一种杯[4]芳烃衍生物在硅橡胶中高度可溶，硅橡胶对无机FET栅极非常粘附，以杯[4]芳烃离子载体/硅橡胶复合物为载体，设计了不对称和对称杯[4]芳烃酯作为硅橡胶的中性载体，制备了钠离子选择性高、传感器耐久性好的钠离子传感器。橡胶膜钠离子敏感场效应促进了它们在硅橡胶中的分散，从而带来了离子敏感膜的高稳定性和低阻抗，并由此带来了所得钠ISFET的高灵敏度和快速响应。

The aim of this work is to design high-performance sodium ion sensors based on calixarene ionophores.Extnsive research has been deveted to designing ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs) and convenient micro-scale ion-sensing devices. Although plasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) can afford a variety of ion-sensing membranes by changing the active materials, PVC-thpe ion-sensing membranses are not very stable as the membranes for ISFETs ; they have poor adhe sion to the gate surface of the FET and their active materials and plasticzers are liable toexude from the membranes into the measuring sample solutions. Silicone rubber may be an excellent alternative to plasticized PVC for organic ion-sensing membranes of ISFETs, but there is a drawback inn solubility or dis persibility of ion-sensing material in silicone rubber.As neutral carriers for sodium ISFETs, unsymmetrical calix[4]arene ionophores have been designed which oissess three ester linkages and an amide linkage as the cation-binding sites. One of the calix[4]arene derivaties are highly soluble in silicane rubber, which is very adhesive to inorganic FET gates, thus affording stable sensing membranes for the ISFET.The resulting sodium ISFETs based on the calixarene ionophore / silicone rubber composite showed high sodium ion selectivety and high senser durability.Unsymmetrical and symmetrical calix[4]arene esters carrying oligosiloxane meiety were designed for neutral carriers of silicone-rubber-membrane sodium ion-sensitive field-effect promotes their dispersibility in silicone rubber, thus bringing about high stability and low impedance of the ion-sensing membranes and thereby high sensitivity and fast response of the resulting sodium ISFETs.