Molecular analyzes of genetic variation produced by somatic cell hybridization for the use of plant breeding

一种禾本科植物（Oryza sativa L.，菌株a -58）和三种豆科植物大豆（Glycine max (L.)）间的体细胞杂交稳定。,简历。紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L., cv.；和鸟足三叶草(莲花corniculatus L., cv。维京人)进行了检查。在5个体细胞杂交愈伤组织的限制性基因图谱和Southern印迹中均观察到部分亲本片段和mtdna的改变。另一方面，体细胞杂交愈伤组织的限制性内切谱和Southern印迹带型与大豆、紫花苜蓿和鸟足三叶草的核dna和cpdna带型完全相同。因此，我们认为细胞核与细胞器之间的相互作用以及水稻细胞核的选择性劣势促进了cpDNA的单代分离。目前已有研究表明，线粒体基因组的组成与植物的形态和生理功能密切相关。在本研究中，大豆与鸟足三叶草、水稻与鸟足三叶草的杂交再生植株均表现出形态和生理上的异常。实际上，水稻与鸟足三叶草杂交愈伤组织的一些再生体对冬季温室低温低光照具有较强的耐受性。因此，我们认为这些再生的杂交植株可能具有改变的mtdna，以及本研究分析的杂交愈伤组织。

Interfamilial and intergeneric somatic cell hybridization among a gramineous species (Oryza sativa L., strain A-58) and three leguminous species soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr., cv.Harosoy), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L., cv.Dupuit) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L., cv.Viking) were examined. Both fragments of parent in some cases and altered mtDNAs were observed in the restriction profiles and Southern blots of 5 combinations of somatic hybrid calli. On the other hand, nuclear DNAs and cpDNAs were the same as those of one parent and they were identical with those of soybean, alfalfa or birdsfoot trefoil, for the banding patterns of restriction profiles and Southern blots in somatic hybrid calli. Therefore, it is assumed that some kinds of interaction between nucleus and cytoplasmic organelle and selective disadvantage for rice nucleus promote such a uniparental segregation of cpDNA.So far, it has been indicated that the organization of mitochondrial genome is correlative with morphological and physiological functions of plants. In this study, regenerated hybrid plants of soybean and birdsfoot trefoil, and of rice and birdsfoot trefoil, showed the morphological and physiologically abnormality. Actually, some regenerants from the hybrid calli of rice and birdfoot trefoil were tolerant of low temperature and low sunlight intensity in green house at wintertime. Thus, it is suggested that these regenerated hybrid plants presumably have the altered mtDNAs, as well as hybrids calli analyzed in this study.