Differentiation of neural crest cells in the gut

1.利用鹌鹑-小鸡嵌合体研究表明，肠神经节细胞起源于神经嵴的迷走神经（体节1-7）水平。在3日龄鸡胚中，鹌鹑嵴细胞首先出现在前心室和砂囊中。肠神经母细胞向尾部迁移后，在培养的第7天出现在直肠内。2.取鸡胚肠段进行HNK-1、NF、S-100、平滑肌肌动蛋白和波形蛋白免疫反应染色。在孵育14天时，在奥尔巴赫和迈斯纳神经丛中观察到神经胶质细胞。在17天大的鸡胚中，3.神经管节段性移植显示，在第3体节水平的神经嵴细胞，迷走神经区5是形成整个小肠ENS的主要来源。4.用ZIO染色法观察了鸡小肠深肌丛和肌间神经丛的间质细胞，电镜三种类型的细胞，即平滑肌样细胞、与平滑肌细胞交错的成纤维细胞样细胞、与平滑肌细胞和神经纤维相连的成纤维细胞样细胞。利用鹌鹑-鸡嵌合体系统的进一步研究正在进行中，以验证间质细胞的起源和发育。

1.It has been shown that enteric ganglion cells arise from the vagal (somites 1-7) levels of the neural crest by the use of quail-chick chimaeras. In the 3-day-old chick embryo, quail crest cells can be first found in the proventricule and the gizzard. After caudally migration, the enteric neuroblasts appeared in the rectum at 7 day of incubation. Later, they were distributed in the presumptive Auerbach and Meissner plexus.2.Segments of chick embryonic gut were stained for immunoreactivity to HNK-1, NF,S-100, smooth muscle actin and vimentin. Glial cells were observed in the Auerbach and Meissner plexuses at 14 day of incubation. In the 17-day-old chick embryo, the enteric nervous system was nearing completion.3.The segmental graft of the neural tube show that the neural crest cells at the level of somites 3-5 in the vagal region were the main source to form the ENS of the entire gut.4.Interstitial cells associated with the deep muscular plexus and the myenteric plexus of the chick small intestine were studies by staining with ZIO and electron microscopy. Three types of cells, Namely smooth muscle-like cells, interdigitated fibroblast-like cells with smooth muscle cells, fibroblast-like cells, connected with smooth muscle cells and nerve fibers. Further studies, using quail-chick chimaeras system are in progress to verify the origin and the development of the interstitial cells.