Kinetics and carcinogenesity of carcinogenic heterocyclic amines in human body.

致癌性杂环胺广泛存在于环境和食品中。杂环胺是人类不可避免地接触到的有机物，了解其在人体内的动力学和致癌性对预防医学具有重要意义。本研究主要采用高效液相色谱法，对近年来引起研究者关注的一类新型致癌杂环胺PhIP的人体排泄情况进行了研究。首先，我们研究了9例经皮肝穿刺胆管引流患者的尿和胆汁中PhIP的排泄。在所有的尿液和胆汁样本中均检测到PhIP。PhIP的尿和胆排泄量分别为4.61 ± 3.91pmol/d和4.45 ± 1.50pmol/d。胆汁排泄与尿液排泄的平均比值为1.01 ± 0.75，表明这两种排泄途径起着同样重要的作用。然后，我们检查了暴露于恒定量PhIP的患者的PhIP的尿排泄。管饲中的6名患者（暴露于10.5 pmol/天的PhIP）平均排泄1.41 ± 0.57 pmol/天，而肠外营养中的6名患者（10.3 pmol/天）排泄1.25 ± 1.02 pmol/天。对于该暴露水平，在两种情况下，约12-13%的PhIP经尿液排泄而无代谢。因此，尿中PhIP排泄量可作为评价PhIP暴露量的一个指标。我们还测定了肿瘤高危人群慢性肾功能衰竭患者的PhIP暴露量，并探讨了PhIP暴露量与肿瘤发生的关系。然而，在这一点上，我们的数据并没有得出任何有意义的结论。需要进一步的研究，这些研究正在进行。

Carcinogenic heterocyclic amines exit broadly in the environment and in food. It is very important in preventive medicine against carcinogenesis to know the kinetics and carcinogenesity in human bodies of heterocyclic amines, which we inevitably expose to. In this study, mainly using a high-performance liquid chromatography, we investigated about the human excretion of one of the latest carcinogenic heterocyclic amines, PhIP, the character of which many researchers now pay attention to. First, we researched the urinary and bilialy excretion of PhIP in 9 patients provided percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage. PhIP was detected in all of urine and bile samples. The mean volume of urinary and biliary excretion of PhIP was 4.61+3.91pmol/day and 4.45+1.50 pmol/day, respectively. As the mean ratio of biliary excretion to urinary was 1.01+0.75, it is shown those two excretory pathways play equally important roles. Then, we examined the urinary excretion of PhIP in patients who were exposed a constant amount of PhIP.6 patients in tube feeding (exposed 10.5 pmol/day of PhIP) excreted an average of 1.41+0.57 pmol/day, while 6 patients in parenteral alimentation (10.3 pmol/day) excreted 1.25+1.02 pmol/day. For this level of exposure, approximately 12-13% of PhIP was excreted into urine without metabolism in both cases. Therefore, it is suggested that the volume of urinary excretion of PhIP may be useful in evaluating the exposure of PhIP.We also measured the exposure of PhIP in patients with chronic renal failure, who are in high risk of neoplasm, and investigated the relationship between PhIP exposure and carcinogenesis. In this point, however, our data did not lead any meaningful conclusion. Further studies need and these are now going.