New Electrodes Based on Polymer-Brush-Enzyme Decorated Carbon Particles for Electrochemical Bio-Sensing

开发基于安培酶的生物传感器对于医学诊断、健康和环境监测、食品和药物分析至关重要。这种传感器的性能在很大程度上取决于酶在工作电极中的结合方式。目前的酶掺入方法存在着装载密度低、酶易变性和制造困难等缺点。该项目的总体目标是探索开发新型生物活性材料的可能性，该材料使用聚合物刷和固定在碳颗粒上的结合酶来工作电极。碳芯周围的聚合物刷层将允许非常高的酶负载能力。为了实现这一目标，我们将(i)开发在碳颗粒上固定聚合物刷的方法；（ii）在毛刷中固定酶，研究毛刷化学组成、接枝密度、聚合物链长度对固定酶的数量和活性的影响；（iii）制作电极，研究颗粒结构对印刷颗粒层电导率的影响，颗粒结构和印刷过程对酶的稳定性和活性的影响，以及（iv）研究颗粒结构对印刷电极电化学行为的影响。所有这些任务都将在IPF和拜罗伊特集团的紧密合作下实现。项目的主要成果是关于碳颗粒生长的电刷层中酶的行为的知识，以及对导电颗粒-电刷-酶层形成的层中质量/电荷传输的基本理解。从长远来看，这些知识将对提高电化学传感器的灵敏度和小型化非常重要。

Development of amperometric enzyme-based biosensors is vitally important for medical diagnosis, for monitoring of health and environment, for food and drug analysis. The performance of such sensors strongly depends on way how enzyme is incorporated in the working electrode. The current methods for incorporation of enzymes have substantial drawbacks such as low loading density, denaturing of enzymes and difficulty of fabrication. The general goal of this project is to explore possibilities for the development of novel bioactive materials for working electrodes using polymer brushes with incorporated enzymes immobilized on carbon particles. The polymer brush layer around carbon core will allow very high loading capacity of enzyme. In order to achieve this goal, we will (i) develop method for immobilization of polymer brushes on carbon particles; (ii) immobilize enzymes in the brush and investigate effect of brush chemical composition, grafting density, length of the polymeric chains on the amount and activity of an immobilized enzyme; (iii) fabricate electrodes, investigate effect of particle architecture on electrical conductivity of printed particle layer and effects of particle architecture and printing procedure on stability and activity of enzymes as well as (iv) investigate effects of particle architecture on electrochemical behavior of printed electrodes. All these tasks will be realized in tight collaboration between IPF and Bayreuth groups. The main project output is knowledge about the behavior of enzymes in brush layers grown from carbon particles and fundamental understanding of mass/charge transport in layers formed by conductive particle-brush-enzyme layers. In a long-term perspective, this knowledge will be very important for increasing of sensitivity electrochemical sensors and for their miniaturization.