Quasi-Vertical Intra-Industry Trade in Automobile and Automotive Parts Industries Between Japan and NAETA

本文以日本与北美自由贸易区（NAFTA）国家之间的准垂直产业内贸易和日本汽车及汽车零部件制造商的交易为研究对象，主要研究结果如下：1.通过一个"一好三国“的图形模型，对NAFTA等自由贸易协定的理论问题进行了阐述。与旧欧共体不同，由发达国家和发展中国家组成的NAFTA既有准垂直的产业内贸易和交易，也有水平的产业内贸易和交易。这两者都对该地区的经济发展起着重要作用。北美自由贸易区的形成给成员国带来了好处，因为准垂直内-产业贸易和交易在北美自由贸易协定中有效地运作。这种贸易和交易在领土内的内部化得到了更大的发展。3.从供应的角度来看，这是日本汽车和汽车零部件制造商在北美自由贸易协定中投入巨额资金来运作他们的移植，以享受内部化的优势。实际上，在一体化形成前两年的1992年，日本在美国的汽车工厂生产的汽车数量超过了从日本进口的汽车。这意味着NAFTA中的日本汽车和汽车零部件制造商在该地区的准垂直产业内贸易和交易非常发达。4.从需求的角度来看，NAFTA汽车和汽车零部件市场的扩大不仅吸引了成员国内部的外国直接投资，而且吸引了其他国家，特别是日本的外国直接投资。这使得北美自由贸易协定的经济更加活跃。

The purpose of this paper is to study quasi-vertical intra-industry trade and transactions of Japanese automobile and automotive parts manufacturers between Japan and NAFTA countries.Important findings of this research are as follows :1.Theoretical aspects of such free trade agreement as NAFTA are formulated by a graphic model of a one-good three-country setting. Unlike the old EC,NAFTA consisting of developed and developing countries has both quasi-vertical intra-industry trade & transactions and horizontal trade & transactions. Both of these play important roles on the economic development of the region. The trade structure of NAFTA,unfortunately, is not open to the other countries.2.The formation of NAFTA brought merits to the members, because quasi-vertical intra-industry trade and transactions work effectively in NAFTA.The internalization of trade and transactions of this type within the territory has more developed.3.This is one of the most important reasons from the viewpoint of supply why Japanese auto and automotive parts manufacturers have invested huge amount of money into NAFTA to operate their transplants in order to enjoy internalized advantage. In 1992, two years before the formation of integration, in fact, the number of automobiles produced by Japanese tansplants in the U.S.surpassed the imported cars from Japan. This means that Japanese auto and automotive parts manufactures in NAFTA have much developed quasi-vertical intra-industry trade and transactions in the territory.4.The expansion of NAFTA's market for automobiles and automotive parts, from the viewpoint of demand, lures inward foreign direct investment not only within the members but also from the other countries, particularly from Japan. This has made the NAFTA economy more dynamic.