Development of cultivation techniques of wild mushrooms based on compound culture system

1. 我们明确了松茸（Tricholoma Matsutake）菌根松幼苗的体外生长不良，可以通过在高定瓶中添加干酵母来改善。本研究明确了用新建立的复合培养体系制备的菌丝直接接种育苗松菇（Rhizopogon rubesens）的可行性。我们已经明确了将离体菌根松幼苗直接移植到苗圃条件下可能是一种实用的技术，适合培养Amitake (Suillus bovinus), Shouro (R.rubesens), Shimofuri-shimeji (T.portentosum), Honshimeji （Lyophyllum shimeji）蘑菇。我们成功地在开放盆栽条件下，对口蘑、水蛭、乳酸菌等属39个种的64个异形菌株进行了试验，结果表明：Shimofuri-shimeji、Mine-shimeji （T.sapoaceum）、Kuma-shimeji （t.s terreum）和Sumizome-shimeji （l.s itale）。我们新建立了松茸、Amigasatake （Morchella esculenta）和chanome - tsumake （Pholiota lubrica）的培养菌株。在松茸中，培养的菌丝体在离体条件下与红松、小松和云杉形成外生菌根结构。我们已经明确了Haru-shineji （Entoloma saepium）可以在自然的田间条件下与商业生产的梅梅幼苗接种saepium担子孢子并在露天盆栽中维持的实验条件下形成菌根，这表明这种菌根幼苗是可以实际生产的。7 .微植体观察表明，受干扰的松茸菌丝菌落不会迅速恢复，受干扰的菌丝菌落首先被其他菌根真菌定殖。阐明了栗菇（Naematoloma subblateritium）在土壤中形成根茎，根茎对其菌落在土壤中的扩散起着重要作用。显微观察表明，根状茎由外层和内层组成。少

1. We have clarified the unhealthy growth of mycorrhizal pine seedlings with Matsutake mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake) in vitro can be improved by the addition of dried yeast in the couture bottle.2. We have clarified that Shouro mushroom (Rhizopogon rubesens) could be cultivated by direct inoculation of nursery pine seedlings with cultured mycelia that were prepared by newly established compound culture system.3. We have clarified that direct transplantation of in vitro mycorrhizal pine seedlings to the nursery condition could be a practical technique in relation suitable culture strains of Amitake (Suillus bovinus), Shouro (R.rubesens), Shimofuri-shimeji (T.portentosum), Honshimeji (Lyophyllum shimeji) mushrooms.4. We have succeeded in the fruiting of Shimofuri-shimeji, Mine-shimeji (T.sapoaceum), Kuma-shimeji (T.terreum), and Sumizome-shimeji (L.semitale) under open-pot culture condition in the tested 64 contoured strains belonging to 39 species in the genera such as Tricholoma, Sui … More llus, and Lactarius.5. We have newly established cultured strains of Matsutake, Amigasatake (Morchella esculenta) and Chaname-tsumutake (Pholiota lubrica). In Matsutake it is clarified that cultured mycelium forms ectomycorrhizal structure in vitro with Pinus koraiensis, P. parviflora, and Picea abies.6. We have clarified that Haru-shineji (Entoloma saepium) can form mycorrhizas with one-year old Prunus mune seedlings under natural field condition as well as an experimental condition where commercially produced P.mume seedlings were inoculated with basidiospres of E.saepium and maintained in the open pot culture, indicating that such mycorrhizal seedlings could be practically produced.7. It was clarified by the minirhizotron observation that disturbed mycelial colony of matsutake does not recover rapidly and the disturbed areas are firstly colonized by other mycorrhizal fungal species.8. We have clarified that Kuritake mushroom (Naematoloma sublateritium) forms rhizomrphs in soil, which could play an important role in their colony dispersal in soil. In addition, it was clarified by the microscopic observation that the rhizomorphs consist of its outer and inner layers. Less