Propagation and breeding of Lilium spp. by means of tissue, organ and cell suspension culture

(1)除个别情况外，25℃的再生小鳞茎比15℃的再生小鳞茎多，且在25℃的光照条件下生长良好。(3)液体培养和培养8-12周后更新培养基能促进橡胶鳞茎的生长.(4)0.25和0.5 mM秋水仙碱处理48或72h可诱导‘康涅狄格王’单倍体愈伤组织产生双单倍体细胞和芽.(5)‘康涅狄格王’花药培养的HAP-Loid愈伤组织系在含绿僵菌的MS培养基上保持了较长时间.(6)小孢子的活力仅在含有麦芽糖的有细胞分裂和愈伤组织形成的培养基中保持.(7)在百合和百合的正反交授粉中，30和40DPA切取的胚珠发育成幼苗，而40DAP切取的胚珠发育成幼苗.在L.בConnecticut King’×L.בEnchantment’中，当胚胎培养在一起时，在3DAP切除的胚珠发育成幼苗。(8)在第一次分裂中期对花粉母细胞施以一氧化二氮(NOx)能有效地产生不还原的小孢子。经0.5 mM秋水仙素处理3~5天，可诱导出四倍体植株.(9)台湾乳杆菌悬浮培养的细胞团在无激素条件下几乎全部保持了54个月以上的再生能力，并形成了大量的体细胞胚胎.(10)潮霉素、G418和Bialaphos是选择台湾乳香转化愈伤组织和/或器官的适宜试剂.(11)与农杆菌共培养的台湾乳香愈伤组织，由于Gusa基因的瞬时或稳定表达，出现了几个蓝色斑点.

(1) With a few exceptions, more bulblets were regenerated at 25℃ than 15℃, and the regenerated bulblets grew well under light condition at 25℃.(2) All plantlets regenerated in anther culture of L.× 'Enchantment' were diploid, and ca. 40% of the plantlets were virus-free as shown in the calli-induced bulblets of L.longiflorum 'Georgia'.(3) Liquid medium and renewal of the medium 8-12 weeks after culture promoted growth of L.rubellum bulblets.(4) Treatmnent of 0.25 and 0.5 mM colchicine for 48 or 72 hrs induced double haploid cells and shoots from haploid calli of L.×'Connecticut King'. (5) A hap loid callus line from anther cultures of L.×'Connecticut King' was maintained for a long term in MS medium with picloram.(6) A viability of microspores was maintained only in a mediumn with maltose, in which cell divisions and callus formation occurred.(7) In reciprocal pollination between L.nobilissimum and L.regale, ovules excised at 30 and 40 DPA developed into seedlings, whereas those excised at 40 DAP developed into seedlings in L.nobilissimum x L.regale. In L.× 'Connecticut King' x L.× 'Enchantment', ovules excised at 3 DAP developed into seedlings, when embryo culture was used together.(8) Application of nitrous oxide (NOx) to pollen mother cells at the middle stage of the first division was effective to the production of non-reduced microspores. Treatment of 0.5 mM colchicine on in vitro cultured bulbscales for 3 or 5 days induced tetraploid plantlets.(9) Almost all cell clumps from the cell suspension cultures of L.formosanum maintained regeneration potential for more than 54 months in hormone-free medium and developed many somatic embryos.(10) Hygromycin, G418 and bialaphos were suitable agents for selecting transformed calli and/or organs of L.formosanu.(11) Some calli of L.formosanum, co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens, showed several blue spots resulted from transient or stable expression of the gusA gene.