Investigation and Research on the law and the ethics in the research on the human genome and its applications-from an international viewpoint-

1)本研究包括研究人类基因组“人类生命蓝图”的研究对社会的各种影响及其在法律和伦理方面的应用，并从国际角度进行研究。它还提出了日本的一些具体政策建议。2)报告一开始就审查了人类基因组研究及其应用中可能出现的一系列问题，以澄清这一领域的法律和伦理现状（第1章）。然后分析了参与者和研究人员的权利和义务问题（第2章），以及1997年教科文组织《人类基因组宣言》在起草过程中所体现的国际伦理标准及其实质内容（第3章）。由于世界上的法律法规很少，因此暴露了研究项目的伦理规范制定和伦理审查制度的现状，并特别提到了外国（Ch.4）。此外，还将《日本禁止人类生殖克隆法》与教科文组织的《人类基因组宣言》进行比较研究，特别是关于人的尊严和法律文书的必要性的问题（Ch.5）。最迫切需要的伦理准则来自基因检测和治疗（第6章）。生命科学的重要性和力量以及联合国教科文组织国际生物伦理委员会的工作以英文介绍（分别为第7章和第8章）。3)第二部分是该领域的相关文献：日本《人类基因组研究基本原则》、《人类基因组研究伦理准则》等国际文献。

1) This research consists of the study on the various impacts on the society of the research on the human genome, "blueprint of human life", and its applications in their legal and ethical aspects and from an international viewpoint. It also offered some concrete policy proposals in Japan.2) The report examines at the beginning the whole range of issues which would arise in the human genome research and its applications, so as to clarify the current status of law and ethics in this field (Ch.1). The question concerning the rights and the duties of participants and researchers is then analyzed (Ch.2), together with the international ethical standards enshrined in the UNESCO's Human Genome Declaration of 1997 in its drafting process and its substance (Ch.3). As there exist only quite few legal regulations in the world, the state-of-art of the ethical norm-setting and the system of ethical review of research projects are exposed, with special reference to foreign countries (Ch.4). Also, the Japanese Law on the Ban of Human Reproductive Cloning is studied in comparison with the UNESCO's Human Genome Declaration, in particular on the issues of the human dignity and and the necessity of legal instruments (Ch.5). The most urgent need of the ethical guidelines comes up from the genetic testing and therapy (Ch. 6). The significance and the power of the life sciences and the works of the International Bioethics Committee ofUNESCO are presented in English (Chs.7 and 8, respectively).3) The second part is relevant documentation in this field : Japanese "Fundamental Principles on the Research on the Human Genome" and the "Ethical Guidelines on the Human Genome Research", and some other international documents.