Improvement of sound insulation performance of roadside building facade

城市生活的便利很大程度上依赖于道路交通。另一方面，道路的发展和机动化的进步带来了消极的性质，即使住宿区的良好环境越来越差。为了解决这一问题，除了应对汽车噪声源、发展低噪声路面（排水沥青路面）和改善道路结构外，还必须提高路边建筑对外界噪声的防御性能。本研究从声学工程的角度系统探讨改善路边声环境的技术，并提出未来理想的路边建筑。阳台空间对道路/铁路交通噪声的吸收处理效果降低交通噪声的方法，立面形状和声学的设计，幕墙各部分的更多c处理可以适用。然而，尚未对这些对策进行系统的审查。本文通过数值计算、比例模型试验和现场实测验证了其效果。通过数值分析和模型实验，得出以下结论：对阳台屋檐顶棚进行吸声材料处理，可以达到5 dB以上的道路交通噪声降噪效果。楼层越高，效果越好。此外，还对铁路沿线的多户住宅进行了阳台屋檐吸声效果的现场测试。提高双窗隔声性能的实验研究双窗是提高隔声性能的常用方法，但在低频共振传输时存在缺点。然而，它在高频下的性能要比单窗口高得多。为了改善双窗在低频处的隔声缺陷，采用在低频处吸声有效的共振型吸声结构（亥姆霍兹谐振器）的想法可能是有效的。通过实验验证了该方法的适用性。2 .通过1/5比例模型实验，在与双窗共振透射重合的频率范围内，透射损失提高了7 dB，证明了共振式吸声结构对双窗共振透射的适用性。建筑立面隔声性能的测量方法在实际的路边建筑中，由于背景道路交通噪声造成的低信噪比给建筑立面隔声性能的测量带来了很大的困难。为了检验本研究提出的对策在实际建筑中的效果，在低信噪比环境下获得高精度测量结果的测量方法是必不可少的。为了建立适用于现场声透射测量的方法，通过室内实验和现场测量，对同步积分技术、时间拉伸脉冲法和m序列调制相关技术进行了对比检验。少

The convenience of city life is greatly dependent on the road transportation. On the other hand, development of roads and progress of the motorization bring a negative property, that is, they make sound environment of the accommodation area worse and worse. In order to solve the problem, defending performance of the roadside buildings against external noises must be improved in addition to countermeasures for the noise source of automobile, development of the low-noise pavement (drainage asphalt pavement) and improvement on the road structures. In this study, the following experimental investigations were performed for purposes of systematically investigating the techniques by which roadside sound environment is improved and proposing ideal roadside buildings in the future from a viewpoint of acoustical engineering.1. Effect of Absorption Treatment of Balcony Space against Road/Railway Traffic NoiseAs the method of reducing the traffic noise, contrivance of the facade shape and acousti … More c treatment of each facade part can be applicable. However, systematic examinations for these countermeasures have not been carried out. In this study, the effect was examined by numerical calculation, scale model experiment and field measurement. As a result of numerical analysis and model experiment, the following knowledge was obtained : Over 5 dB sound reduction effect is possible against road traffic noise when the balcony eaves ceiling is treated by absorbing materials. The effect is higher as a high floor. In addition, the effect of balcony eaves ceiling sound absorption was examined and confirmed by field measurement at a multiple dwelling house which is located along a railway line.2. Experimental Study on Improvement of Sound Insulation Performance of Double WindowA double window, which is often used for raising the sound insulation performance, has disadvantage in low frequencies caused by the resonance transmission. whereas it has much higher performance in high frequencies than a single window. In order to improve the sound insulation defect of a double window in low frequencies, an idea of applying resonance type sound absorbing structure (Helmholtz resonator), which is effective in the sound absorption at low frequencies, may be effective. The applicability was investigated by an experimental examination. As a result of 1/5 scale model experiment, the transmission loss in frequency range which coincides the resonance transmission of the double window is 7 dB improved and the applicability of resonance type sound absorption structure against the resonance transmission of a double window is found.3. Measuring Method of Sound Insulation Performance of Building FacadeIn actual roadside building, low Signal/Noise ratio caused by background road traffic noise makes the sound insulation performance measurement of the building facade much difficult. Measuring methods by which the high-precise measuring result can be obtained under low S/N ratio environment are indispensable in order to examine the effect of the countermeasure proposed by this study in actual buildings. For a purpose of establish the method applicable to field sound transmission measurement, comparison examinations among the synchronized integration technique, time stretched pulse method and M-sequence modulated correlation technique were carried out by laboratory experiment and field measurement. Less