Mass selection, development of inbred lines and somatic embryogenesis of pearl millet

两轮轮回选择不仅增加了所选性状、粒重和穗数，还增加了株高、株高、收获指数和穗长等非选择性状。遗传增益估计的遗传力为：单株穗数0.47，穗重0.67，穗粒重0.47，单株籽粒产量0.90，表明进一步选择产量是可能的。籽粒产量与产量相关性状的遗传相关性较高，表明通过这些产量相关性状进行间接选择获得高产是有效的。花药在四分体前后含花粉最适合花药培养，低温处理对愈伤组织的诱导是有效的。在MS附加2.5 mg/L 2，4-D的培养基上，愈伤组织诱导率为10%左右，植株再生率为0.16%。对再生品系进行了试交，部分品系获得了较高的籽粒产量，表明花药培养技术可用于珍珠粒的杂交育种。没有观察到染色体缩写，这表明在产量测试中可以克隆增加与自花授粉作物相同的基因。

Two cycles of recurrent selection increased not only the selected characters, grain weight and panicle numbers, but also non-selected characters such as plant height, top weight, harvest index and panicle length. Heritability estimated by the genetic gain was 0.47 for number of panicles per plant, 0.67 for panicle weight, 0.47 for grain weight per panicle and 0.90 for grain yield per plant, showing that the further selection for grain yield might be possible. Genetic correlation between grain yield and yield-related traits was high, showing the effectiveness of indirect selection through these yield-related traits for high grain yield.The anthers having pollen around the tetrad stage were most suitable for anther culture and low-temperature treatment was effective for the callus induction. On the Msmedium supplemented with 2.5mg/L 2, 4-D, the callus induction rate was about 10% and the plant regeneration rate was 0.16%. Regenerated lines were test-crossed and some of them gave relatively high grain yield, showing that anther culture technic could be used for hybrd breeding for pearl millet.Crops were propagated through immature inflorescence culture. No chromosome abbreviations were observed, showing that the same genotype could be clone-increased for a yield test as that in a self-pollinated crop.