Early Signs of Austic Disorder and Acoustic Analysis of their Speech

进行了两项研究，一项是关于自闭症障碍的早期迹象，另一项是对其特征言语模式的声学分析。研究1：自闭症障碍的早期迹象。对象：对自闭症障碍组13例、正常对照组8例、注意缺陷多动障碍组4例、表达发育性言语障碍组4例、听力障碍1例进行对比分析。方法：对0~2岁儿童的家庭录像进行分析，包括：(1)社会交往，(2)情感，(3)知觉，(4)运动/肌肉张力，(5)行为。结果：早期体征为6月龄前出现的对轻、小运动物体的高敏感度行为。社交障碍和情感障碍是早期症状的概率很高，但在本研究中无法得到证实。协调运动障碍和运动/肌肉紧张性障碍需要…研究2：语音研究对象和方法：1)用语音分析仪对24名2~6岁健康儿童的5个元音的f1和f2的转换进行分析。2)通过构建F1/F2图，对116名2~6岁健康儿童的5个元音的发育情况进行了年龄分析。3)测试了20例Asperger障碍患者对合成语音“SAITA-TAITA-AITA”变化序列的识别和模仿能力。结果：1)5个元音在2~4岁时未分化，5岁时开始整合。2)对33名健康儿童的分析表明，在婴儿期发音的萌芽阶段，f2的习得先于f1逐渐分化为各自的元音。3)根据声音识别率将阿斯伯格障碍分为3类。对自闭症儿童特有的言语的声学分析表明，在言语习得阶段，辅助运动的抑制作用不足，听觉关联区的激活增加。为了帮助治疗和指导患有自闭症的儿童，有必要继续进行基础研究。较少

Two studies were carried out, one on the early signs of autistic disorders, and the other an acoustic analysis of their characteristic speech patterns.Study 1 : The early signs of autistic disorders. Subjects : Comparative analysis was carried out on an autistic disorder group (13 cases), normal control group (8 cases), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder group (4 cases), expressive developmental speech disorder group (4 cases), and 1 case of auditory deficiency. Method : Home video records taken between age 0〜2 were analyzed in terms of : (1) social interaction, (2) affect, (3) perception, (4) motor/muscle tonus, and (5) behavior. Results : Hypersensitive perceptive behavior to light and small moving objects noted from before 6 months of age were regarded as the early signs. The probability of disorders in social interaction and affect being early signs are high, but could not be confirmed in this study. Disabilities in coordinated movement, and motor/muscle tonus disorders requi … More re further evaluation in association with functional disorders of the CNS Behavior pertaining to social interaction and perception were most frequent before 12 months, which were believed to be integrated into persistent behavior after 13 months of age.Study 2 : Acoustic study on speech Subjects and Method : 1) The speech of 24 healthy 2〜6 year-olds were analyzed by a speech analyzer for transition in f1 and f2 of the 5 vowels. 2) Speech recordings collected from 116 healthy 2〜6 year-olds were analyzed by age regarding development of the 5 vowels through construction of f1/f2 diagrams. 3) 20 cases of Asperger disorder were tested for their ability to identify and imitate a changing sequence of synthesized speech "saita-taita-aita". Results : 1) The 5 vowels were found to be undifferentiated between age 2〜4, becoming integrated at age 5. 2) Analysis of 33 healthy children indicated that in infancy, the emergent stage of articulation, f2 acquisition precedes the gradual differentiation of f1 into the respective vowels. 3)Asperger disorder was classifiable into 3 categories by rate of sound identification.Summary : Characteristic perceptive behavior was extracted as the early signs of autistic disorder. Acoustic analysis of speech peculiar to autistic children point to the possibility of insufficient inhibitory action from the supplementary motor and elevated activation of the auditory association area during the stage of speech acquisition. Continuation of basic studies is necessary for contributing to the treatment and guidance of children with autistic disorders. Less