Human Liver Cell and Pancreatic Cell Transplantation-Study Using Resected Liver and Pancreas Segment-

肝细胞或胰岛细胞移植作为肝脏或胰腺移植的替代方案已被研究用于肝性代谢紊乱或重症胰腺炎及糖尿病患者。肝细胞移植正在从治疗急慢性肝功能衰竭的长凳过渡到床边。目前已有80多名患者在全球范围内进行了移植。一个主要的限制因素是高质量细胞的可用性，因为人类肝细胞是从切除的移植物中获得的。还需要评估肝再生的机制，以改善移植的人肝细胞的存活和功能。这种方法可能会使肝细胞移植在不久的将来成为肝移植的一种被接受和实用的替代方案。为了实现这一过程，必须建立一个能够提供大量肝细胞的肝细胞库系统。我们先前报道了一种简单的冷冻保存肝…的方法使用微胶囊技术的更多TES。在这里，我们研究了如何在冷冻保存过程中避免对微囊化肝细胞的冷冻损伤。冷冻显微镜显示，藻酸盐微胶囊技术保护肝细胞免受细胞外冰晶生长造成的物理损伤。超微结构检查显示，微囊化肝细胞的细胞内环境得以维持。我们的微囊化技术可保护肝细胞免受冷冻损伤。这项新技术可以被肝细胞库利用。肝部分切除(PHX)后肝再生的调节是复杂的，涉及到许多不同的细胞因子。我们研究了其中之一，转化生长因子-β1(转化生长因子-β1)的作用，转化生长因子-β1是一种肝再生抑制因子。处理组大鼠肝脏细胞数量增加，处于S期。PHX后24 h给予抗体，细胞增殖达高峰，同时也出现MIB-5标记高峰。然而，残存的肝脏重量与体重的比率和再生率在任何动物之间都没有显著差异。这些结果表明，转化生长因子-β1可能通过抑制肝细胞G1期关卡而影响肝细胞生长因子，从而调节肝再生，维持肝细胞增殖的动态平衡。这些研究将在不久的将来促进肝细胞或胰腺细胞的移植。较少

Hepatocyte or pancreatic islets cell transplantations have investigating as an alternative to liver or pancreas transplantation in patients with liver-based metabolic disorders or with severe pancreatitis and diabetes mellitus. Hepatocyte transplantation is making its transition from bench to bedside for acute and chronic liver failure. More than 80 patients have now been transplanted world wide.A major limiting factor is the availability of good quality cells as human hepatocytes are derived from resected grafts. There is also a need to evaluate the mechanism of liver regeneration that will improve the survival and function of transplanted human hepatocytes. Such approach may allow hepatocyte transplantation to become an accepted and practical alternative to liver transplantation in the near future. To realize this procedure, a hepatocyte bank system capable of supplying large numbers of hepatocytes must be established. We previously reported an easy method for cryopreserving hepatocy … More tes using a microencapsulation technique. Here, we investigated how cryoinjury to microencapsulated hepatocytes could be avoided during cryopreservation. Cryomicroscopy showed that the alginate microencapsulation technique protected the hepatocytes from physical damage caused by the growth of extracellular ice crystals. Ultrastructural examination revealed that the intracellular environment of the microencapsulated hepatocytes was maintained. Our microencapsulation technique protects hepatocytes from cryoinjury. This novel technique could be utilized by hepatocyte banks.The regulation of liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PHx) is complex and involves many different cytokines. We investigated the role of one of these, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), an inhibitor of liver regeneration. Livers from treated animals contained an increased number of cells in S phase. Antibody administration 24 h after PHx resulted in the highest peak of proliferation ; moreover, peak MIB-5 labeling was also observed at that time. However, neither residual liver-weight-to-body-weight ratios nor regeneration rates differed significantly between any of the animals. These results indicate that TGF-beta1 may inhibit the G1 checkpoint, and serum TGF-beta1 concentration may influence HGF to regulate liver regeneration and to maintain homeostasis of proliferation after PHx. These investigations willl promote hepatocyte or pancreatic cell transplantaion in near future. Less