Development of artificial valve for opening/closing hollow organs using by SMA actuators

在本项目中，人工尿道瓣膜在中空器官中得到了特别的关注。经皮能量传输系统的SMA致动器人工尿道阀是目前研究的重点。所得结果总结如下：(1)为进一步提高生物相容性，防止瓣膜意外夹紧尿道问题，研制了一种新型改进型瓣膜。通过实验室和动物实验验证了新型阀门的启闭功能。(2)研制了一种由电池供电的经皮能量变压器。通过引入电压调节电路来补偿电池的电量消耗，可以实现阀的稳定驱动。验证了用正弦振荡代替矩形振荡能提高能量传输效率。(3)体外和体内动物实验表明，改进后的瓣膜和由电池供电的经皮能量传输系统可以很好地替代尿道括约肌控制尿液的排出。

In this project, artificial urethral valves have been especially focused on in hollow organs. The artificial urethral valve using SMA actuators with transcutaneous energy transmission system have been focused on and developed. The obtained results are summarized as follows.(1) Aiming at further improvement in the biocompatibility and preventing the problem of accident pinch of urethra by the valve, a new improved valve was developed. Opening and closing functions of the new valve were verified by laboratory and animal experiments.(2) A transcutaneous energy transformer powered by batteries was developed. Stable driving of the valve can be obtained by introducing a voltage regulating circuit to compensate the electric consumption of the batteries. The energy transmission efficiency improvement by using of sinusoidal oscillation instead of rectangle oscillation was confirmed.(3) In vitro and in vivo animal experiments showed that the improved valve and the transcutaneous energy transmission system powered by batteries works well as a substitute for urethral sphincter in controlling the discharge of urine.