Learning Situation Design in the Integrated Curriculum

大多数教师在学生-教师阶段没有学习到课程发展，他们对整合学习的规划和实施感到焦虑。他们不能太依赖文学，因为课程有了一个新的目标，那就是培养自主学习。我们需要创造一种新的方法来规划课程。我们把这种新的方式称为“学习情境设计”。这就是先具体描述学习活动的目标，然后创设学习情境，归纳出体现目标的活动，并随着目标积累对活动的评价。这是一个归纳的过程，从这个角度分析教师的计划过程，发现他们设计了各种意图，这些意图被排除在现有的计划程序之外，缺乏这些意图来领导没有意义的活动，我们开发了新的教案工具，使用Microsoft Excel来制定程序。这使得教师有了明确的目标和形象的指导点和促进点。这也让老师反映了学校的评估标准，有利于会见家长。

Most teachers, who did not learn about curriculum development in their student-teacher stage, are anxious about planning and implementation of "the integrated study". They can't rely so much on literatures because the curriculum has a new purpose to foster independent learning. We need to create a new way to plan the curriculum. We call the new way as "learning situation design". This means firstly describe aims of learning activity concretely, then set up learning situation to induce the activities which meat the aims, and accumulate the evaluation of the activities along with the aims. This is an inductive procedure.Analysis of teachers planning process from this point of view tells that they designed various intention which are excluded in the present planning procedure and lack of them lead activities without meaning.We developed new lesson planning tool using Microsoft Excel to formulate the procedure. This makes teacher has the aim clearly and image points of instruction and facilitation. This also makes teacher reflect assessment standards of the school and useful in meeting with parents.