Politics in Search of Evidence. The role of Political Philosophy and Public Health in the political responses to COVID-19

新冠肺炎疫情对全球社会来说是一项前所未有的挑战。一个挑战是，政治决定必须在极端不确定的条件下做出。循证政治(EBP)经常被提出作为对COVID-19大流行的回应。然而，自大流行爆发以来的辩论也表明，目前尚不清楚这样的EBP到底是什么以及可能是什么样子。为了制定一个令人信服的应对大流行的政治答案，有必要澄清这一概念。因此，该项目采用了一种介于政治哲学和公共卫生之间的跨学科方法。政治哲学一直在处理全球危机(如气候变化)，以及政治应该如何应对这些危机。在这一理论背景下，哲学分项目将从EBP固有的科学模式、科学与政治之间的关系以及基本的规范性假设等方面分析EBP的概念。在新冠肺炎疫情中，公共卫生科学及其核心学科流行病学受到了极大的关注，但对于公共卫生科学家应该如何政治化，各方意见不一。公共卫生分项目的目的是通过与流行病学科学代表的访谈以及对相关科学学会发表的立场文件和政策简报的文件分析，反映公共卫生科学与政治之间的关系。为了全面反映EBP，本项目选择了跨学科的视角。该项目融合了政治哲学和公共卫生，从跨学科的角度对EBP的概念进行了重新构建、分析和批评。这使得能够开发并证明一个全面的EBP模型的合理性，以便在新冠肺炎和未来的流行病期间做出令人信服的政治应对。

The COVID-19 pandemic represents an unprecedented challenge for societies worldwide. One challenge is that political decisions must be made under conditions of extreme uncertainty. An evidence-based politics (EBP) is often proposed as a response to theCOVID-19 pandemic. However, the debates since the outbreak of the pandemic have also shown that it is unclear what exactly such an EBP is and might look like. To develop a convincing political answer to the pandemic, it is necessary to clarify this concept. Therefore, the project uses an interdiscipilanry approach between political philosophy and public health. Political philosophy has been dealing with global crises (such as climate change) and how politics should react to them. Against this theoretical background, the philosophical subproject will analyse the concept of EBP in terms of its inherent models of science, the relationship between science and politics and the underlying normative assumptions. The science of public health and its core discipline epidemiology has received a lot of attention in the COVID-19 pandemic but views as to how political public health scientists should be varies. The aim of the public health subproject is to reflect the relationship between public health science and politics by interviews with scientific representatives from epidemiology and document analysis of published position papers and policy briefs from relevant scientific societies. For a comprehensive reflection of EBP, the project chooses an interdisciplinary perspective. By integrating political philosophy and public health, the project recon-structs, analyses and criticizes the concept of EBP from an interdisciplinary perspective. This allows to develop and justify a comprehensive EBP model for a convincing political response during the COVID-19 and future pandemics.