Evaluation of the method of non-invasive brain function by using Near Infra Red Light-Comparison with functional MRI and SPECT for cerebro-vascular diseases-.

为了阐明新开发的光学地形图方法的路径生理含义，我们进行了以下研究。1.同时测量的光学地形图和功能磁共振成像（f-MRI）的任务，双侧手握运动显示统计学显着相关性f-MRI信号和oxy-Hb和总Hb的变化，但没有相关性f-MRI信号和deoxy-Hb。这意味着光学地形图可以无创地检测脑功能，并检测f-MRI无法检测到的脱氧血红蛋白变化。对正常青年志愿者（n=10，24岁）和老年志愿者（n=8，71岁）的研究表明，年龄差异不明显。3.对慢性脑血管病患者进行研究，以阐明光学地形图的临床意义。这些患者分为以下亚组：（1）深白色物质小梗死（DWSI）：n=6，平均年龄（AV）67岁（y/o），（2）深白色物质中等梗死（DWMI）：n=3，AV 76岁（y/o），（3）皮质大梗死（CLI）：n=5，AV 58岁（y/o），（4）多发性小梗死（MSI）：n=14，AV 67 y/o，（5）多发性中型梗死（MMI）：n=10，AV 69 y/o，（6）颈内动脉狭窄（ICS）：n=3，AV 75 y/o和（7）烟雾病（MD）：n=2，AV 40 y/o。结果表明，DWSI和MSI与正常人的模式相同。DWMI和ICS组在抓握运动期间显示脱氧血红蛋白增加。说明光学地形图可以检测亚临床脑血流异常。CLI组缺血灶周围反应较差，说明光学地形图可以检测到缺血灶。MD组具有典型的Hb改变模式，但我们必须积累MD患者的结果来确定MD的光学地形图模式。

To clarify the path-physiological implication of a newly developed optical topography method, we made following studies. 1. Simultaneous measurements of the optical topography and functional-MRI (f-MRI) for a task of bilateral hand grip motion revealed statistically significant correlation between f-MRI signal and oxy-Hb and total-Hb change, but there were no correlation between f-MRI signal and deoxy-Hb. It means that optical topography can be used to detect a brain function non-invasively, and to detect a deoxy-Hb change, which cannot be detected by f-MRI.2. The study for normal volunteer of young (n=10, 24 years old) and aged subjects (n=8, 71 years old) showed that there were no apparent age differences. 3. The study for chronic cerebral vascular disease patients was done to clarify a clinical implication of the optical topography. These patients were divided into following subgroups ; (1) deep white matter small sized infarctions (DWSI) : n=6, average age (AV) 67 years old (y/o), (2) deep white matter medium sized infarction (DWMI) : n=3, AV 76 y/o, (3) cortical large infarction (CLI) : n=5, AV 58 y/o, (4) multiple small infarcts (MSI) : n=14, AV 67 y/o, (5) multiple medium sized infarction (MMI) : n=10, AV 69 y/o, (6) internal carotid stenosis (ICS) : n=3, AV 75 y/o and (7) moyamoya disease (MD) : n=2, AV 40 y/o. The results showed that DWSI and MSI were same pattern with normal subjects. The DWMI and ICS group showed an increase of the deoxy-Hb during grasping motion. It means that optical topography can detect subclinical cerebral blood flow abnormality. There were poor responses around ischemic lesion on CLI group, which means the optical topography can detect an ischemic lesion. The MD group showed typical pattern of Hb change, but we have to accumulate results of the MD patients to define the MD pattern of optical topography.