A Comparative Study of Bronze Mirrors Excavated in China and Japan

日本古代史的年表框架是建立在文字资料的基础上的，但要重建五世纪及以前的历史是非常困难的，因为几乎没有关于这些时代的文献。当时使用的是进口的中国铜镜。从弥生后期到高芬早期，从中国那里进口的镜子不下千面。我们的主题是了解这些镜子是从中国大陆的哪些地方进口的。我们以山东半岛和长江流域的镜面为重点，进行了实地考察。考古、制衣、冶金、历史等研究人员共同参与，主要考察山东产的铜镜。多亏了山东省文明局的全力支持，我们才能对那里出土的镜子和St…的镜子进行彻底的调查更多的是在博物馆里看到的。从内陆地区到半岛，战国时期的强国齐国以及中国、鲁国、东国等小国占领了该省。原产于长江以南的彝族，其疆域沿沿海延伸至半岛，而自西南至内陆则为楚国所占领。这一复杂的古代政治地理表明了它在古代山东的情况。山东出土并保存的铜镜的特征仍在分析过程中，但迄今已取得以下结果：1.大镜；2.*和*，但*很少；3.*的数量更少；4.也属于*类别的几面大镜子；5.有许多*和*，都起源于江南；6.在博物馆存放的镜子中发现了一面*；7.有一面有孔的镜子，穿过一根绳子被熔化了；8.有一面镜子有一个长方形的孔，穿过一根绳子通过。这些发现对于将它们与日本弥生时期和早期高芬时期的镜子进行比较具有重要意义。较少

The framework of chronology of the ancient Japanese history is established on the basis of literal materials, but it is very difficult to reconstruct history of the fifth century and before, for there is almost no literature concerning these ages.What is utilized then is imported bronze mirrors cast in ancient China. No less than 1,000 mirrors were imported from China from the latter Yayoi period through the earlier Kofun period. Our theme is to know from which parts of the Chinese Continent those mirrors were imported. Focusing on the mirrors from the Shantung Peninsula and the drainage basin of the Yangtze, our field investigation was carried out. And researchers in archaeology, casing, metallurgy, and history were jointly engaged in it.We mostly examined the bronze mirrors produced in Shantung Province. Thanks to full support by the Civilization Bureau of Shantung Province, we could make a thorough investigation of both mirrors that have excavated there and mirrors that have been st … More ored in the museums. From the inland area to the peninsula of the province was occupied by Ch'i, a great power during the Warring States period, as well as such minor states as Chinan, Lu, and Tung. Yeeh with its origin to the south of the Yangtze extended its territory along the coast to the peninsula, while from the southwest part to the inland area was occupied by Ch'u. This complicated ancient political geography indicates how it was in today's Shantung Province in the ancient times.The features of the bronze mirrors that have excavated and have been stored in Shantung Province are still in the process of analysis, but so far the following results have been obtained : 1. there are a few large mirrors ; 2. there are many *** and ***, but very few *** ; 3. there is an even smaller number of **** ; 4. there are a few large mirrors also in the category of *** ; 5. there are many *** and ***, both of which were originated in Chiangnan ; 6. A single *** was found out from among the mirrors stored in the museums ; 7. there are mirrors having a hole through which a string was passed was melted down ; and 8. there are mirrors having a rectangular hole through which a string was passed. These findings are of great significance when comparing them with the mirrors from the Yayoi period to the earlier Kofun period in Japan. Less