Social and Economic Development in the Chinese Economic Region and Roles for Japanese Government and Firms

本研究将中国经济作为21世纪包括日本在内的亚洲国家经济关系研究的起点。本研究有两个目的：一是澄清当前中国经济存在的问题，二是提出日本政府和企业可以发挥的作用。在经济改革的过程中，东北地区的利益有时是为了整个中国的利益而牺牲的。例如，中国的价格自由化政策始于消费品，但生产产品的价格自由化政策却被大大推迟。这些措施给东北重工业地区的发展带来了很大的困扰，但也给南方以消费品为主的活跃地区带来了很大的利益。也就是说，东北地区国有企业的绝对地位对市场部门造成了歧视性的环境，阻碍了市场经济的发展。在东北地区，最迫切的是要根据该地区的产业基础和人力资本，制定淘汰低效国有企业和与外资合作的政策。在结束本研究项目时，雷士想指出，向中国转让先进技术和管理并不一定是日本的净支出。第一点是能源问题。事实上，向中国转移技术意味着中国生产效率的提高，也意味着日本出现了一个强大的竞争对手。然而，能源效率的提高给日本带来了酸雨减少、油价稳定等多方面的好处，中国也可以成为《京都议定书》允许的清洁发展机制的一个有希望的合作伙伴。第二点是中国经济企稳。中国的经济可以比作一辆奔跑着的自行车，它不由自主地前进。支持中国向市场经济的平稳过渡是日本危机管理政策的一部分。日本政府和企业为稳定中国经济，在宏观调控政策和企业管理方面的软合作方面可以发挥很大的作用。少

This research focuses on the Chinese economy as a starting point of the researches on economic relations in the 21st century among Asia countries including Japan. This research has two purposes : to clarify the problems that the current Chinese economy has and to propose roles that Japanese government and enterprises can play.It was clarified that the profit in the Northeast region was sometimes sacrificed for that for the entire China during the economic reform. For example, China's price liberalization policies began in consumer goods but those in production goods were greatly delayed. Such measures brought a big trouble in development to the Northeast heavy industry region though they on the other hand brought a big profit to the active consumer goods based South region. That is to say, the absolute position of state-owned enterprises in Northeast region kept a discriminatory environment to the market sector and development of market economy was thwarted. It is in Northeast region t … More hat the most urgent are the policies that weep out low efficient state-owned enterprises and cooperate with foreign capitals based the industrial base and human capitals in this region.To conclude this research project, NVC want to point out that transfer of advanced technology and management to China is not necessarily a net expenditure for Japan. The first point is energy matter. Indeed a technological transfer to China means an improvement of the production efficiency in China and emergence of a big rival for Japan. However, the improvement of the energy efficiency brings the favor to Japan in such various meanings as decrease of acid rain and oil price stabilization and China also can be a promising partner of Clean Development Mechanism permitted in Kyoto Protocol. The second point is stabilization in Chinese economy. The economy of China might be compared to a running bicycle that cannot help advancing ahead. To support China's smooth transition to a market based economy is a part of the crisis-management policy for Japan. The roles that the government and enterprises in Japan can play are large in the field of soft cooperation in macro control policies and business management in order to stabilize Chinese Economy. Less