Discovering the (R)Evolution of EurAsian Steppe Metallurgy: Social and environmental impact of the Bronze Age steppes metal-driven economy

发现欧亚草原冶金的（R）演变：青铜时代草原金属驱动型经济的社会和环境影响

• 批准号: EP/Z00022X/1
• 负责人: Miljana Radivojevic
• 金额: $ 221.83万
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FZ00022X%2F1
• 关键词: Discovering; Evolution; EurAsian; Steppe; Metallurgy

The Eurasian Bronze Age trade of metals has long been recognised as the driving force of the West-East economic network, later known as the Silk Roads. Central to this network was the demand for copper-base items from the rising political leadership of agrarian states and empires and the richness of Eurasian Steppe ore deposits. Previous steppe research often relied on materials that are scarce by nature, like organics, or highly mobile and recyclable, such as metal artefacts, leading to a limited view of steppe communities as relatively homogenous societies that carried objects and genes and simplifying their trade networks with arrows and circles on the map of Eurasia. Preliminary research by PI and colleagues has revealed evidence for an unparalleled scale of exploitation, production and circulation of Bronze Age metals within and beyond the vast grasslands, suggesting that the steppe communities might have been the key drivers of a metal-based and interconnected economy across Eurasia.How and why did Bronze Age steppe metallurgy scale up to unprecedented levels of production and circulation (c. 3500-1000 BC)? Studies exploring patterns of mobility of steppe metals and societies rarely focus on innovation in metal production and its environmental impact. Yet production debris, in particular metallurgical slag, carries fundamental information about complex interactions between environment, metallurgy and society. I will take an original interdisciplinary approach to analyse steppe metal production and plant debris, and to create and predict multi-layered datasets that will feed into high-resolution explanatory models for the evolution, organisation and environmental impact of Eurasian Steppe metallurgy in the context of Eurasian connectedness. Integrated approaches from Archaeology, Geography, Materials, Environmental, Earth and Complexity Sciences and Artificial Intelligence will deliver a paradigm shift in generating new knowledge of Eurasian (pre)history.

欧亚青铜时代金属的贸易长期以来一直被认为是西方经济网络的驱动力，后来被称为丝绸之路。该网络的核心是对农业国家和帝国政治领导层不断上升以及欧亚草原矿床的丰富性的铜碱物品的需求。先前的草原研究通常依赖于自然界稀缺的材料，例如有机物，或高度可移动和可回收的材料，例如金属人工制品，从而使草原群落视为相对同质的社会的有限观点，这些社会携带物体和基因，并用eurasia M.Asples上的箭头和圈子来简化其贸易网络。 Pi及其同事的初步研究揭示了证据表明，在广阔的草原内外，非平行的剥削，生产和循环量表，这表明草原群落可能是基于金属和相互联系的经济的关键驱动力。公元前3500-1000）？探索草原金属和社会流动性模式的研究很少关注金属生产中的创新及其环境影响。然而，生产碎片，尤其是冶金炉渣，传达了有关环境，冶金与社会之间复杂相互作用的基本信息。我将采用一种原始的跨学科方法来分析草原金属生产和植物碎片，并创建和预测多层数据集，这些数据集将融入欧亚Steppe冶金的高分辨率解释模型，以在欧亚连接性的背景下对欧亚Steppe Mallerurgy产生的进化，组织和环境影响。考古，地理，材料，环境，地球和复杂性科学和人工智能的综合方法将在产生欧亚（PRE）历史的新知识方面带来范式转变。