Continuous-wave laser system for precision experiments with single molecular ions

该系统将使新的量子光学和光谱实验。具体而言，一个新的，一般的分子离子光谱方法是要证明，表征和发展到一个高精度的程度。该方法是基于使用一个特殊配置的潘宁陷阱，ALPHATRAP，在博士S。Sturm /K.教授Blaum在海德堡的Max Planck核物理研究所（MPI-K）。单个分子离子可以被装载到这个陷阱中，并冷却到开尔文范围内的动能。由于强烈的空间限制的运动，边带分辨的激光振动光谱预计是可能的。特别地，潘宁陷阱使得能够非破坏性地检测分子离子的电子自旋状态。在分子中，g因子和超精细结构都依赖于旋转和振动的状态。利用这种效应，原则上可以以非破坏性的方式进行振动光谱学。为了详细检查一般过程，选择杂原子氢分子离子HD+和同原子H2+作为测试分子离子。这些都是理想的对象进行调查，因为它们可以从理论上从头开始处理，并从射频陷阱的实验精度结果已经可用。此外，精密测量的目的是使基础物理学产生深远的影响。Penning阱中单个分子离子的非破坏性振动光谱的演示和表征. Penning阱中H2+分子离子的极高分辨率和精确再现的振动频率测量。目的是（1）进行洛伦兹不变性的新检验，为（2）CPT不变性（比较H2+与反H2+的振动频率）、（3）质子-电子质量比的时间恒定性和（4）反质子-正电子质量比的恒定性的未来检验做准备研究。磁场中量子力学三体问题的精确测量：QED测试，基本常数（质量比，g因子，四极矩，Rydberg常数）的确定以及质子之间和质子与氘之间假设的新作用力的研究。

The system will enable novel quantum optics and spectroscopy experiments. Specifically, a new, general method for molecular ion spectroscopy is to be demonstrated, characterized and developed to a high degree of precision. A series of investigations in fundamental physics will then be carried out.The method is based on the use of a specially configured Penning trap, ALPHATRAP, in the Dr. S. Sturm / Prof. K. Blaum at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics (MPI-K) in Heidelberg. Individual molecular ions can be loaded into this trap and cooled to kinetic energies in the Kelvin range. Due to the strong spatial confinement of the movement, sideband-resolved laser vibrational spectroscopy is expected to be possible. In particular, the Penning trap enables the non-destructive detection of the electron spin state of the molecular ion. In molecules, both the g-factor and the hyperfine structure depend on the state of rotation and vibration. By utilizing this effect, it is in principle possible to carry out vibrational spectroscopy in a non-destructive manner.In order to examine the general procedure in detail, the heteronuclear hydrogen molecular ion HD+ and the homonuclear H2+ are chosen as test molecular ions. These are ideal objects to be investigated, as they can be theoretically treated ab initio and for which experimental precision results from radio frequency traps are already available. In addition, the precision measurements aimed for enable far-reaching results in fundamental physics.Three study topics will be pursued:1. Demonstration and characterization of non-destructive vibrational spectroscopy on a single molecular ion in a Penning trap.2. Extremely-high-resolution and precisely reproducible vibrational frequency measurements on the H2+ molecular ion in a Penning trap. The aims are (1) performing a new test of Lorentz invariance, preparatory studies towards future tests of (2) CPT invariance (comparison of the vibrational frequency of H2+ with that of anti-H2+), (3) of the temporal constancy of the proton-to-electron mass ratio, and (4) of the constancy of the antiproton-to-positron mass ratio.3. Precision measurements on the quantum mechanical three-body problem in a magnetic field: test of QED, determination of fundamental constants (mass ratios, g-factors, quadrupole moment, Rydberg constant) and search for hypothetical new forces between protons and between protons and deuterons.