Impact on Corporation Law made by International Unification of Accounting Standards

国际会计准则理事会制定《国际会计准则》后，会计准则的国际统一对日本公司法产生了两方面的影响。其中之一是如何修改其有关会计的规定，使之与国际动向保持一致。另一个问题是如何科普新会计准则带来的公司经营行为的变化。关于第一点，我们发表了几篇文章，介绍了日本公司法最近的修改，其中涉及资本储备和股息来源的限制。其中最重要的问题是股份支付会计准则。我们对这一问题的结论如下。如果日本公司法的修改与国际会计准则理事会的《股份支付征求意见稿》相协调，就必须引入日本尚未存在的公司发行股票购买/认购权证以换取服务的新理念， ...更多信息 es.如果允许以服务作为股票对价，公众持股公司就不会出现严重问题。然而，在不披露任何财务报表的股份有限公司的情况下，可能会出现一些滥用情况。由于没有市场价格的服务存在估价过高的风险，不应排除公司法要求股东大会特别决议的可能性，如果公司接受服务作为股份的对价。由于服务可以提供一段时间，因此需要对公司法进行修改，允许分期付款购买股票/认股权证。关于第二点，对日本企业来说，最严重的问题是2001年的英文财务报表的所谓“图例”。然而，2001年秋季安然事件后，审计师制度和新型公司（委员会公司）成为最重要的问题。日本将于2005年开始实施的资产减值会计准则对日本企业的经营行为产生了重大影响，引发了大量的并购重组活动。少

International unification of accounting standards owing to establishment of International Accounting Standards by IASB has a large impact on Japanese corporation law in two aspects. One is how its provisions concerning accounting should be amended in harmony with the international movements. The other is how it should cope with the changes of business conducts of companies brought about by the new accounting standards.Concerning the first point, we published several articles on the recent amendments of Japanese corporation law with regard to capital reserves and limitations on sources of dividends. The most important issue in the fixture is the Accounting Standard of Share-based Payment. Our conclusions on the issue are as follows. If Japanese corporation law is amended in harmony with the Exposure Draft on Share-based Payment of IASB, it must introduce the new idea which has not existed in Japan that the corporation may issue stock purchase/subscription warrants in exchange for servic … More es. There would be no serious problems in publicly-held corporations, if services are permitted as consideration for shares. However, some abuses might occur in the case of closely-held corporations which do not disclose any financial statements. Since there is a risk of overvaluation in services which have no market prices, the possibility should not be excluded that the corporation law requires the special resolution of shareholders meeting in case the corporations accept services as consideration of shares. Since services may be provided for a period of time, such amendment of corporation law is needed that payment by installment to stock purchase/subscription warrants is permitted. The principle of labor law that the wages shall always be paid in cash must be abolished.Concerning the second point, the most serious problem to Japanese corporations was so-called "legend" of the financial statements written in English in 2001. However, the auditor system and the new type of corporation (corporation with committees) have become the most important issue after the Enron scandal in autumn of 2001. The Accounting Standard of Impairment of Assets which is to be applied in Japan from 2005 has a great influence on he conducts of business of Japanese corporations by giving rise to a great number of M&A and restructuring activities today. Less