APPLICATION OF GENOME ANALYSIS BY AFLP FINGERPRINT TO CATTLE BREEDING

1)品种鉴定：利用AFLP指纹图谱开发的DNA标记(SNPs)，对日本黑、荷斯坦及其F1代进行了鉴定。用2000多对引物对两个品种进行检测，获得了45条有效的品种可识别的AFLP片段。通过使用这45个AFLP片段对每个品种的100只动物进行测试，我们可以清楚地将这些动物区分开来。2)AFLP方法在牛育种中的应用：从约5000头繁殖母牛中选择48头极端牛，其中25头为牛肉大理石花纹标准(BMS)最高繁殖值，23头为最低BMS繁育值，进行了关联性研究。通过AFLP指纹图谱，对这些极端动物的DNA进行了大约500对引物的比较，相当于在一个牛的连锁图谱上定位了2000多个标记，最终得到了16个有效的AFLP片段，区分了两个极端，高和低。用这16个片段估算的BMS育种值与一般遗传值之间有较高的相关系数，r=0.92。无论GGV是否有用，这个GGV值都被应用于另外121只动物。BMS育种值与GGV的相关系数也较高，r=0.70，肋眼肌面积育种值与GGV的相关系数也较高，r=0.63。总体而言，BMS与REA之间的相关性较高是众所周知的，因此从统计遗传学数据来看这一结果是合理的。这一结果为动物育种提供了划时代的策略。

1) BREED IDENTIFICATION; By using DNA markers (SNPs) developed by AFLP fingerprinting, we tried to identify Japanese Black, Holstein and their F1. More than 2000 primer sets were tested between two breeds and found 45 effective breed identifiable AFLP fragments were obtained. By testing 100 animals of each breeds using these 45 AFLP fragments, we could clearly discriminated these animals from each other. This method could prevent or reduce false or miss labeled beef in markets.2) APPLICATION OF AFLP METHOD TO CATTLE BREEDING; By selecting 48 extreme animals from about 5,000 reproductive cows, 25 were the highest breeding value of beef marbling standard (BMS) and 23 were the lowest breeding value of BMS, a kind of association study was done. By AFLP fingerprinting, DNA from those extreme animals were compared about 500 primer sets, which is equivalent to mapping of more than 2,000 markers on a cattle linkage map and finally get 16 effective AFLP fragments which discriminate two extremes, high and low. Quite higher correlation coefficient, r=0.92 were obtained between breeding value of BMS and general genetic value (GGV) estimated using those 16 fragments. This GGV value was applied to additional 121 animals if the GGV is useful or not. Again higher correlation coefficient between BMS breeding value and GGV, r=0.70, was obtained another animals from the herd with an additional higher correlation coefficient, r=0.63, between rib eye muscle area (REA) breeding value and GGV. In generally, higher correlation between BMS and REA is well known, so that this result is reasonable from the data of statistical genetics. This result offers an epoch-making strategy in animal breeding.