Versio latina: Agents, Functions and Aims of the Translation of Early Modern Literature into Latin.

“拉丁版本”项目调查了在早期现代印刷市场上成功的将本土文学翻译成拉丁语的作品。作为对早期现代文学研究的补充，本研究侧重于将拉丁语作为目的语而非源语，重点关注新拉丁语的翻译。本文的目的在于：(1)发现拉丁版本的文化功能和经济目标；(2)描述和理论反思现代早期翻译拉丁文时所适用的特殊翻译情况，从而提高人们对(3)白话文学的“被遗忘的拉丁”的认识，这对早期现代文学的国际化和图书贸易具有重要意义。PP 2130“早期现代翻译文化”的框架建议强调拉丁语不仅用于学术交流，而且作为“跨文化连接”（interkulturelle Gelenkstelle；第11页）发挥了至关重要的作用。该项目采用这种方法，并通过将“翻译”（版本）理解为必须在口头和文化上定义的类别，将拉丁版本与所有三个概述的研究领域联系起来。在文化上，新拉丁语版本的特点是没有以目标语言为母语的人，尽管它是全球性的，有一个相对较大的语言社区，也没有一个共同的地理位置。对于这个星座，“目标文化”一词必须重新定义；该项目通过调查Latina版本的代理、功能和目标来实现这一目标。因此，它通过应用目的论的方法来面对先前研究对这些拉丁“好奇心”的愤怒。错综复杂地联系在一起的是任何新拉丁语版本的特殊的语言多指涉性：如果一位德国译者将一部西班牙小说翻译成拉丁语，而这部作品是由一家国际上活跃的出版商出版的，那么关于翻译的决定不仅会受到古拉丁语的“语义背包”的影响，还会受到新拉丁语——译者的母语、文本的源语言以及潜在买家的母语——所提供的可能性的影响。周围的话语是研究的基础上的翻译，他们的文本和第二手来源与他们的出版。以一个相关的国际文本语料库为例，整个项目旨在重建和方法论上反思围绕早期现代拉丁语翻译的源语和目标语、文化网络和经济之间的相互关系。研究结果表明，拉丁版本是拉丁翻译的一种补充现象，是全球文化交流的中介现象。它们将对历史上的全球语言拉丁语以及对现代国际语言的研究有价值。

The project Versio latina investigates translations of vernacular literature into Latin that were successful on the early modern print market. Complementary to previous research on early modern literature, it focusses on Latin not as source but as target language, centring on the Neo-Latin translation. It aims at (1) discovering the cultural functions and economical objectives of the versio latina, at (2) describing and theoretically reflecting on the special translation situation applying when translating into Latin in the early modern age, and thus to raise awareness of (3) the ‘forgotten Latinity’ of vernacular literature which was of major importance to the internationalisation of early modern literature as well as the book trade.The framework proposal of the PP 2130 “Early Modern Translation Cultures” emphasises that Latin was not only used for scholarly communication but played also a vital role as “interkulturelle Gelenkstelle” (‘intercultural junction’; p. 11). The project adopts this approach and connects the versio latina to all three outlined research areas by understanding ‘translation’ (versio) as a category that must be defined verbally as well as culturally.Culturally, the Neo-Latin versio is characterised by the fact that there are no native speakers of the target language – though global and with a comparatively large language community –, nor does it have a shared geographical place. For this constellation, the term ‘target culture’ must be redefined; the project achieves this by investigating the agents, functions and aims of the versio Latina. Consequently, it confronts previous research’s irritation with these Latin “curiosities” by applying a skopos theory approach. Intricately connected is the particular verbal multi-referentiality of any Neo-Latin versio: if a German translator translates a Spanish novel into Latin and the work is published by an internationally active publisher, the decisions concerning the translation are not only informed by the ‘semantic rucksack’ attached to ancient Latin, but also by the possibilities offered by Neo-Latin, the mother tongue of the translator, the source language of the text and potentially the mother tongue(s) of the intended buyers. The surrounding discourse is to be researched on the basis of the translations, their paratexts and secondary sources connected with their publication.On the example of a relevant international text corpus, the whole project aims at reconstructing and methodologically reflecting on the interrelationship between source and target languages, cultural networks and economies around early modern Latin translations. The results obtained will reveal the versio latina to be a complementary phenomenon to the translation from Latin and as intermediary phenomenon of global cultural exchange. They will be valuable for the historical global language Latin as well as for the research into modern international languages.