Comparative Study on Positive Consciousness of Family Carers of Impaired Elderly People at Home, in Japan, Finland, Sweden, and UK.

1)。目的通过对日本、芬兰、瑞典、英国四国的比较研究，明确居家照顾老人的家庭照顾者积极经历的异同，探讨家庭支持的方向。方法(1)2001-2003年，采用CASI(Nolan等人)对日本、芬兰和瑞典的积极照护经验进行调查。调查问卷由保健或护理专业人员分发给三个国家的家庭护理人员，并通过邮寄寄回。有效回复来自日本230人、芬兰290人和瑞典33人。调查了日本、芬兰、瑞典和英国的家庭照护服务体系，考察了照顾者积极照护经验的背景，考察了家庭照顾者的支持方式。结果与讨论照顾者对照护的结果感到满意，维护了老年人的尊严和舒适度。在所有四个国家。关于对照料自己的活动的满意度，不同国家之间存在差异。在瑞典，在公共护理服务系统组织相对较好的地方，照顾者从护理过程中获得的满意度较低。相反，在芬兰和日本，照料活动本身就是满足感的来源。这两个国家的照顾者都把照看视为一种“工作”，并通过履行职责获得了满足感。然而，负担沉重的情况仍然存在，因此有必要考虑灵活的家庭护理系统，以支持老年人和照顾者的生活质量。

1). ObjectIn order to clarify similarity and a difference of the family carer's positive experiences of caregiving who care elderly people at home and to consider the direction of family support, the comparative study of Japan, Finland, Sweden, and UK was performed.2). Method(1) From 2001 to 2003, using CASI (Nolan, et al.), positive experiences of caregiving were investigated in Japan, Finland and Sweden. The questionnaire was distributed by health or care professionals to family carers in three countries and returned by mail. The effective reply was obtained from 230 persons in Japan, 290 persons in Finland and 33 persons in Sweden. These replies were used for the purpose of analysis and comparison with UK.(2) The home care service system of Japan, Finland, Sweden, and UK was investigated, the background of carers' positive experience of caregiving was considered, and family carers' support method was examined.3). Results and DiscussionCarers obtained satisfaction from the results of caregiving, maintain dignity and comfort of elderly people. in all four countries. Concerning satisfaction from activities of caregiving themselves, there was a difference between countries. Where public care service system was comparatively well organized, in Sweden, carers obtained less satisfaction from the process of caregiving. In Finland and Japan, on the contrary, activities of caregiving themselves were source of satisfaction. The carers in these two countries considered caregiving as a kind of "work" and obtained the satisfaction by performing their duty. However the heavy situation of burden was also still seen, so it is necessity to consider the flexibility home care system to support both elderly people and carers 'QOL'.