Development Study on Prediction Technique of Construction Noise for Environmental Assessment

本研究以2003财政年度和2004财政年度为研究对象，对建筑噪声预测方法进行了研究，作为环境影响评价的研究内容。第一年，基础研究(1)从声学角度对建筑噪声进行分类，(2)建筑工程各类机械设备噪声发射特性评价方法。在这些研究的基础上，第二年进行了以下调查。(1)日本环境影响评价制度考察：为显示本研究的目的及其在环境科学上的意义，分析了日本环境影响评价的立法制度，并考虑了环境监测与环境影响评价之间的关系。(2)建筑噪声预测系统：将建筑噪声作为环境噪声的一种，利用计算流程和声学信息对建筑噪声进行预测，并基于日本声学学会提出的“asjcn - model 2002”预测模型对建筑噪声进行预测研究。(3)用于建筑噪声预测的噪声源特性评价方法：为了定量地获得不同时空特性的建筑工程机械设备的声发射特性，进行了理论研究，提出了统一测量和评价方法的各类噪声指标。(4)通过现场测量掌握噪声源特征：在上述研究成果的基础上，对一些典型建筑工地进行了现场测量。在这些测量中，获得了土方工程、道路铺装、混凝土破坏、爆破等各种机械的噪声发射特性数据。(5)噪声在室外传播的测量方法：为了建立一种测量受气象条件影响的室外声音传播特性的方法，开发了利用长持续时间的扫描信号的扫描正弦技术，并通过对某公路和某公路隧道施工现场的测量，实际检验了其有效性。(6)噪声传播的数值分析方法：作为一种计算复杂边界条件下需要进行波声分析的声音传播的方法，本文研究了时域有限差分法在该问题中的应用，并检验了时域有限差分法在隧道中声音传播中的适用性。少

In this research, a method of predicting construction noise has been investigated in two years (fiscal 2003 and 2004) as a research for environmental impact assessment. In the first year, basic studies on (1) classification of construction noises from an acoustical viewpoint and (2) assessment method of noise emission characteristics of various kinds of machines and equipment for construction works. Based on these studies, the following investigations have been carried out in the second year.(1) Investigation on the system of environmental impact assessment in Japan : In order to show the aim of this study and its significance in environmental science, the legislative system for environmental impact assessment in Japan was analyzed and the relationship between environmental monitoring environmental impact assessment was considered.(2) Prediction system of construction noise : Regarding construction noise as one of the environmental noises, calculation flow and acoustical information fo … More r the prediction of construction noise were investigated based on the prediction model "ASJ CN-Model 2002" proposed by the Acoustical Society of Japan.(3) Assessment method of noise source characteristics for the prediction of construction noise : In order to quantitatively obtain the sound emission characteristics of machines and equipment for construction works with various temporal and spatial properties, theoretical investigations were performed and various kinds of noise indicators for unifying the ways of measurement and assessment were proposed.(4) Grasp of noise source characteristics by field measurements : Based on the results of the studies mentioned above, field measurements were carried out at some typical construction work sites. In these measurements, the data for noise emission characteristics of various kinds of machines for earthworks, road pavement, concrete destruction, blasting, etc. were obtained.(5) Measuring method for noise propagation outdoors : In order to establish a method of measuring the outdoor sound propagation characteristics influenced by meteorological conditions, the swept-sine technique using a sweep signal with a long duration time was developed and its effectiveness was actually examined by performing measurements at construction work sites of a highway and a road tunnel.(6) Numerical analysis method for noise propagation : As a method for calculating the sound propagation under complicated boundary conditions which needs to be analyzed by wave-acoustics, the application of the time-domain finite difference method to this problem was investigated and its applicability to sound propagation in a tunnel was examined. Less