Revision of bryophyte system with particular reference from the analyses of the division mode of apical meristematic cell and molecular data

本研究旨在建立一个新的苔藓植物系统，该系统基于最新的形态和分子数据，特别是不同解剖结构的顶端细胞与通过分析rbcL基因获得的分子系统树的比较。该亚目被认为是研究的主要类群，因为它们包括许多分类上需要修订的困难类群，这些类群具有相当简单的类群结构。对天南星科、天南星科、迷迭香科和万寿菊科4个亚目的系统发育关系进行了研究，结果表明：天南星科为单系，不包括紫薇科，属于其他目的Calypogeiaceae Jungermaniaceae，天南星科为多系，Vandiemeniaceae为姊妹群。根据这一结果，结合形态和解剖数据，没有发现任何证据表明Vandiemeniaceae是一个独立于Metzgeriaceae的科。此外，天南星科Lobatiriccardia属和Anera属形成了不同单系类群的姐妹群。这一结果支持Furuki(1991)。本研究中研究的所有成员共享一个透镜状顶端细胞，其分布很好地反映在分子系统发育树上。人们还进行了各种各样的尝试，以获得苔藓植物系统发育和分类学的相关数据，涵盖了形态、分子和生理领域。

This research was carried out for establishment of a new bryophyte system based on most recent morphological and molecular data, particularly on the comparison of the apical cells of various anatomy with the molecular phylogenetic tree obtained from the analysis of rbcL genes. The suborder Metzgeriineae was targeted as a main group to be investigated, since they prove to include many difficult taxonomic groups to be revised taxonomically, which have rather simple thallose plant body structure. The phylogenetic relationships among four families in the suborder Metzgeriineae including Aneuraceae, Metzgeriaceae, Mizutaniaceae, and Vandiemeniaceae are investigated, and the following results were obtained: that the Metzgeriineae are monophyletic excluding Mizutaniaceae, which are placed in the family Calypogeiaceae of other order Jungermaniales, and that the family Aneuraceae were proved to be polyphyletic, and the family Vandiemeniaceae form a sister group with Metzgeriaceae. From this result together with morphological and anatomical data, no ground was found to keep the Vandiemeniaceae as a family independent of the Metzgeriaceae. In addition, the genera Lobatiriccardia and Aneura of the Aneuraceae proved to form a sister group of different monophyletic groups. This results support Furuki (1991). All members investigated in this research shared in common a lenticular apical cell, the distribution of which well reflected on the molecular phylogenetic tree. Miscellaneous attempts have been also conducted to obtain the data relevant of the bryophyte phylogeny and taxonomy, covering morphological, molecular and physiological fields.