On the strategies of the skull from in various squirrels in Southeast Asia

我们对日本松鼠、北方西伯利亚松鼠、芬莱森松鼠、灰腹松鼠、红颊松鼠和黑巨松鼠的头骨进行了研究。对博物馆标本的颅骨进行统计学分析，并对眼眶和脑组织进行形态学检查。通过对数据的比较，探讨了形态与功能的关系。通过测量枕骨大孔与额骨的夹角、眼眶容积指数、眶弓大小等数据，对视觉适应进行统计学分析，定量分析眼的适应模式。通过对各种适应模式的观察，阐明了在不同适应模式下，大骨颅的延长、鼻骨形态的改变、鼻角的变化等形态学演变。在统计分析中，我们分析了原始数据， ...更多信息 比例指数，并进行ANCOVA拒绝大小因素。在松鼠科中包括许多种不同的体型因子。我们可以从二维坐标中的主成分和典型判别分析可视化的适应策略。为了探讨群体间的亲缘关系，我们还构造了Q型矩阵进行聚类分析。通过对红颊松鼠、灰腹松鼠、黑巨松鼠、巨飞鼠和小飞鼠头骨形态相似性与功能适应模式之间的关系的研究，可以更详细地描述松鼠的地理变异。结果表明，芬莱森松鼠、福尔摩沙松鼠、红颊松鼠、黑巨松鼠和大飞鼠在同一物种内表现出不同的适应模式。这使我们能够详细的咀嚼功能的适应与动物地理进化因素。少

We examined the skulls of Nihon squirrel, northern Siberian squirrel, Finlayson's squirrel, gray-bellied squirrel, red-cheeked squirrel, and black giant squirrel. We used the skull of the Museum specimens for statistical analysis.The orbit and the brain case were examined to analyze the morphological characters. The data was compared to discuss the relationships between the shape and function. We collected the data of the angle of the Foramen magnum and the frontal bone parts, indices of the orbit volume, the size zygomatic arch. The visual sense was statistically discussed to quantitatively analyze the adaptation pattern of the eye. We could clarify the morphological evolution, such as elongation of the spalanchnocranium, change of shape of the nasal bone, the angle of the nose in various adaptation pattern. We could quantitatively indicate the morphological strategies determined from the adaptation pattern in each species.In the statistical analysis, we analyzed the raw data and the … More proportion indices, and undertook the ANCOVA to reject the size factors. In the Sciuridae including many species of different body size factor. We could visualize the adaptation strategies from the principal component and canonical discriminant analyses in the two-dimensional coordinates. To discuss the phylogeny in the groups, we also made the Q-mode matrices to undertake the cluster analysis. In the red-cheeked squirrel, gray-bellied squirrel, black giant squirrel, giant flying squirrel, and lesser flying squirrel.We could clarify the relationships between the functional adaptation pattern and the morphological similarities of the skulls to detail the geographical variations of the squirrels. We could demonstrate that the Finlayson's squirrel, Formosa squirrel, red-cheeked squirrel, black giant squirrel and giant flying squirrel showed the differences of the adaptation pattern in a single species. It enabled us to detail the functional adaptation in mastication related to the zoogeographical evolutionary factors. Less