Development and clinical application of MR endoscopy

为了发展磁共振内窥镜技术，我们在1.5T临床磁共振系统和4.7T实验磁共振系统上进行了以下成像实验：（1）设计并制作了用于磁共振内窥镜的新型表面和正交RF线圈;（2）在体模实验中使用不同的脉冲序列对这些线圈进行了测试（3）研究了磁共振内窥镜的空间分辨率、对比度分辨率和时间分辨率;（4）采用不同脉冲序列的磁共振内窥镜对动物的各种器官进行成像（自旋回波、快速自旋回波、梯度回波和快速梯度回波方法）;（5）研究了最佳脉冲序列、重复时间、回波时间、翻转角、视场我们对胃癌和食管癌进行了MR内镜检查，并与病理组织学检查结果进行了比较，调查结果。磁共振内镜可清晰显示正常胃和食管壁的多层结构，与组织学分层相吻合。在胃癌和食管癌中，MR内镜显示的壁浸润深度与组织学分期相关。磁共振内镜显示了较高的诊断准确性，以评估胃壁和食管癌的侵犯，从而可能使术前组织病理学staging.We正在进行磁共振内镜许多患者的各种疾病。此外，我们正在计划开发新的方法，磁共振内窥镜和优化成像方法，为每个器官的磁共振内窥镜。

In an attempt to develop MR endoscopy, we performed the following imaging experiments using 1.5-T clinical MR system and 4.7-T experimental MR system : (1) we designed and made new surface and quadrature RF coils for MR endoscopy ; (2) we tested these coils in phantom experiments using various pulse sequences (spin-echo, fast spin-echo, gradient-echo, and fast gradient-echo methods) ; (3) we investigated the spatial resolution, contrast resolution, and time resolution in MR endoscopy ; (4) we imaged various organs of animals using MR endoscopy with various pulse sequences (spin-echo, fast spin-echo, gradient-echo, and fast gradient-echo methods) ; and, (5) we investigated optimal pulse sequence, repetition time, echo time, flip angle, field of view, and matrix size for each organ of animals in MR endoscopy.We performed MR endoscopy for gastric and esophageal carcinomas and compared the findings with histopathologic findings. MR endoscopy clearly depicted the normal gastric and esophageal walls as several layers, which corresponded well with the histologic layers. In gastric and esophageal carcinomas, the depth of mural invasion visualized with MR endoscopy correlated well with the histologic staging. MR endoscopy showed a high diagnostic accuracy for evaluating the mural invasion of gastric and esophageal carcinomas and thus potentially enabled preoperative histopathologic staging.We are performing MR endoscopy for many patients with various diseases. Furthermore, we are planning to develop new methods for MR endoscopy and optimize the imaging methods for each organ in MR endoscopy.