Role of T-cell induced sialomucins for the final expulsion step of the gastrointestinal nematode infection

粘液与存在于肠道中的胃肠道寄生虫密切接触，并且已被认为是表达针对寄生虫的保护性免疫应答的平台。将啮齿类动物胃肠道线虫巴西日本圆线虫成虫经尿道内攻击小鼠，在10天前用寄生虫的感染性幼虫皮下感染小鼠，并终止肠道感染。该实验系统适用于研究T细胞诱导的粘蛋白在免疫介导的蠕虫驱逐中的作用。尽管在攻毒后24小时几乎所有蠕虫都被排出，但在攻毒后6小时内从小肠中回收了大量攻毒蠕虫。第二次十二指肠内挑战进行18小时后，第一次挑战时，引发粘蛋白主动排出。再次，二次攻击的蠕虫恢复到与第一次攻击相同的水平。这些结果表明，引发粘蛋白 ...更多信息 暂时允许攻击蠕虫的到达和粘附，但最终阻止了从肠道建立（Ishiwata和Watanabe，2006）。这表明，引发粘蛋白对寄生在粘膜中的蠕虫具有某些生理作用，并抵抗由蠕动收缩推动的肠内容物的自然流动。蠕虫体内可用能量的任何减少都会损害这种锚定能力，并促进从肠道中排出。因此，蠕虫的能量代谢通过使用CellTiter-Glo^[0！发光细胞活力测定，其通过基于细胞中ATP的定量检测荧光来确定培养物中活细胞的数量（Ishiwata和Watanabe，出版中）。本研究表明，蠕虫的能量代谢受蠕虫环境的影响，但宿主免疫与能量代谢的关系尚未直接证实。成虫线虫无疑会被宿主免疫力从肠道中驱逐出去，但这种攻击对寄生虫来说并不致命。因此，上述结果表明，蠕虫的生理活动受到宿主因素的影响，在逻辑上是可以接受的，虽然令人信服的证据表明粘蛋白对成虫的直接影响。巴西人正在研究中。少

Mucus is closely contact with gastrointestinal parasites reside in the gut and has been recognized as a platform where protective immune responses are expressed against the parasites. Adult worms of a rodent gastrointestinal nematode, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, were intraduodenally challenged into mice that were given subcutaneous infection with infective larvae of the parasite 10 days before and terminated the intestinal infection. This experimental system is suitable to investigate the role of T-cell induced mucins for immune-mediated worm expulsion. Although almost the all worms were expelled by 24 hr after challenge, substantial number of challenged worms was recovered from the small intestine up to 6 hr after challenge. Second intraduodenal challenge was performed 18 hr after the first challenge when primed mucins were actively discharged. Again secondary challenged worms were recovered in the same level to that of the first challenge. These results suggested that primed mucins … More allowed temporally the attainment and adhesion of the challenged adult worms, but finally prevented the establishment from the gut (Ishiwata and Watanabe, 2006). This indicates that primed mucins have some physiological effects on the adult worms dwelling in the mucosa and resisting the natural flow of intestinal contents propelled by peristaltic contractions. Any reduction in the available energy in adult worms would impair this anchoring ability and promote expulsion from the gut. Therefore, energy metabolism of adult worms was measured by employing the CellTiter-Glo^<【○!R】> Luminescent Cell Viability Assay which determines the number of alive cells in culture via detecting fluorescence based on quantitation of ATP in cells (Ishiwata and Watanabe, in press). The study suggested that energy metabolism of adult worms was affected by the environment around the worms, although relevance of host immunity to the energy metabolism was not directly demonstrated. Adult nematodes are undoubtedly expelled by host immunity from the gut, but the attack is not lethal to the parasites. Thus, above results, which suggest that physiological activities of the worms are affected by host factors, are logically acceptable, although convincing evidences demonstrating direct implications of mucins on adult N. brasiliensis are under study. Less