Jasmonates are key factors inducing exudation of gum polysaccharides : Mode of action of jasmonates focusing on ethylene interaction

本研究的目的是了解茉莉酸酯（JAs）诱导各种植物，特别是核果类果树和郁金香形成胶质的机制。（1）外源茉莉酸类物质对蔷薇科的桃、杏、酸樱桃和李等植物有诱导胶质形成的作用。外源施加乙烯（乙烯利：乙烯产生化合物，Eth）也诱导这些植物的树胶形成。同时施用茉莉酸和乙烯利对胶质形成具有协同效应，表明在核果类果树中茉莉酸和乙烯利通过相互作用调节胶质形成。茉莉酸抑制剂可抑制乙烯利诱导的李果实胶质形成，而乙烯利抑制剂对茉莉酸诱导的胶质形成无影响。李果实施用茉莉酸能促进乙烯基乙醇的合成，但乙烯基乙醇不能提高果实内源茉莉酸的含量。这表明，在核果类果树中，茉莉酸通过与乙醚相互作用在诱导胶质形成中起重要作用。(2)In郁金香（Tulipa gesne ...更多信息 阿佩尔多恩）茎中茉莉酸（JA）和茉莉酸甲酯（JA-Me）的含量，以氘标记的内标物为内标物，估算出郁金香茎中JA的含量约为70 ~ 80 ng/g Fw。JA和JA-Me的施用显著诱导了含醚胶的产生。而乙烯利对郁金香茎中茉莉酸含量影响不大，但不引起流胶病。这些结果表明，茉莉酸是诱导郁金香流胶病的内源因子。茉莉酸刺激Eth生产，但乙烯的应用没有影响内源茉莉酸水平。JAs强烈降低郁金香中可溶性糖的总量，但Ethn没有，而JA-Me和Eth刺激衰老的芽叶绿素的损失。这些结果表明，在郁金香芽中施用茉莉酸诱导的胶质形成与糖代谢有关。茉莉酸类物质在郁金香芽流胶病中的作用方式将从乙醇产生、糖代谢和衰老方面进行讨论。少

The purpose of this study was to know the mechanism of jasmonates(JAs) to induce gum formation in various plants especially in stone-fruit trees and tulips.(1)Exogenous application of jasmonates to various plant species in Rosaceae such as peach, apricot, sour cherry and plum induced gum formation. Exogenous applied ethylene (ethephon : ethylene-generating compound, Eth) also induced gum formation in these plant species. Simultaneous application of JAs and Eth showed synergistic effect on gum formation, suggesting that in stone-fruit trees JAs and Eth regulate gum formation by interacting with each other. An inhibitor of JA reduced Eth-induced gum formation in plum fruits, while that of Eth did not affect JA-induced one. The application of JAs to plum fruits s enhanced Eth production, while that of Eth did not increase endogenous level of JAs. These suggest that in stone-fruit trees, JAs play an important role in inducing gum formation by interacting with Eth.(2)In tulips (Tulipa gesne … More riana L.cv.Apeldoorn), based on the procedure to detect the endogenous factors inducing gum, jasmonic acid(JA) and methyl jasmonate (JA-Me) were successfully identified using a GC-MS. Total amounts of JAs (JA+JA-Me) in tulip stems were estimated with deuterium labeled ones as internal standards, being about 70 to 80 ng/g Fw. The application of JA and JA-Me substantially induced gums with Eth production. The application of Eth, however, induced no gummosis although it only slightly affected content of JAs in tulip stems. These results suggest that JAs are endogenous factors to induce gummosis in tulips. JAs stimulated Eth production, but application of ethylene had no effect on endogenous levels of JAs. JAs strongly decreased the total amount of soluble sugars in tulip, but Ethn did not, while both JA-Me and Eth stimulated senescence of the shoot shown by the loss of chlorophyll. These results suggest that gum formation induced by the application of JAs in tulip shoots is connected with the sugar metabolism. The mode of action of jasmonates in gummosis of tulip shoots will be discussed in relation to Eth production, sugar metabolism and senescence. Less