Brain neurotransmitter abnormalities and behavioral alterations induced by in utero and lactational exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.

1.雌性ddY小鼠经灌胃给予2，3，7，8-四氯二苯并对二恶英（TCDD）后与正常雄性小鼠交配。他们的雄性后代被用来评估子宫内和哺乳期TCDD暴露对第二性征、青春期和年轻成人发育阶段长期应激诱发的抑郁症发作的影响。仔鼠于出生后21天断奶，社会隔离4周以上，进行抑郁症治疗。在这些阶段的后代的脑中去甲肾上腺素的浓度降低，社会行为绝望相比，社会隔离的TCDD-未暴露的对照组小鼠在相同的阶段。结果提示，围产期TCDD暴露对雄性子代在上述发育阶段抑郁症的发病机制有影响.雌性妊娠ddY小鼠经口给予TCDD，以评估其子代在第二性征和青春期发育阶段的行为异常。当对子代皮肤进行机械性的软触刺激时，子代表现出踢离、逃避、攻击和躲藏等多动反应。正常对照组小鼠没有表现出这些异常行为。另一方面，社交孤立的抑郁小鼠对软触摸刺激表现出相同的过度活跃反应。众所周知，大脑单胺变化在抑郁症患者、抑郁症模型动物（例如社会隔离小鼠和围产期接触二恶英的动物）中部分常见。认为TCDC暴露小鼠在第二性征和青春期发育阶段观察到的行为异常是一种抑郁症状，表明围产期TCDC暴露是这些发育阶段抑郁症发病的危险因素之一。

1. Female ddY mice were administered 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) by gavage and mated with normal male mice. Their male offspring were used to evaluate the effects of in utero and lactational TCDD- exposure on onset of depression induced by protracted stress at the secondary sexual characteristic, pubertal and young adult stages of development. The offspring were weaned at postnatal 21 day and socially isolated over four weeks to be taken depression. The brain concentration of noradrenaline in these stages of offspring was decreased and the social behaviors were despaired compared to those of the socially isolated TCDD- unexposed control mice at the same stages. The results indicate that the perinatal exposure of TCDD has effects on the mechanism of onset of depression in these stages of development in the male offspring.2. Female pregnant ddY mice were received oral administration of TCDD to evaluate the behavioral abnormalities of their offspring at the secondary sexual characteristic and pubertal stages of development. When the offspring were received mechanical soft touch stimulations on their skin, the offspring showed hyperactive responses such as kicking-off, escaping, attacking and hiding behaviors. The normal control mice did not show these abnormal behaviors. On the other hand, the socially isolated depressed mice showed the same hyperactive responses to the soft touch stimulations. It has been known that the brain monoamine changes are partly common in depressed patients, depression model animals such as socially isolated mice and the perinatally dioxin-exposed animals. It was considered that the behavioral abnormalities observed at the TCDD-exposed mice at the secondary sexual characteristic and pubertal stages of development were a kind of depression symptoms, indicating that the perinatal exposure of TCDD is one of the risk factors of the onset of depression in these stages of development.