Historical and Spiritual Studies on the European Medieval Mysticism

我的研究分三个阶段进行。在第一阶段，概述了欧洲神秘主义，它在我们的社会中具有越来越多的现实，现在被哲学和神学视为一个学术主题。我试图理解古代神秘主义是如何被估计并转移到欧洲的精神历史中的，例如R.奥托、M·埃利亚德、H·V·贝德、A·叔本华、F·尼采、J·格林、M·海德格尔、E·布洛赫和K·中野。在第二阶段，注意力转移到对生活在13世纪和14世纪德国的梅斯特·埃克哈特作品的分析上，他的活动在中世纪晚期的灵性历史上具有至关重要的重要性。分析基于埃克哈特曾担任神职人员的埃尔福特(东德)和斯特拉斯堡(法国)城镇档案的历史数据。分析表明，埃克哈特负责两项任务，即对他的弟弟们进行神学教育，以及治疗与中世纪晚期宗教异端运动有关的女神秘主义者。在第三阶段，我旨在展示女性神秘主义者如何以文学的形式描述她们的精神经历，她们的自传作品适用于历史性别研究。结果，我发现了许多德国神秘主义神职人员和学术元素之间关系的证据，并成功地表明，德国神秘主义是由中世纪晚期社会的历史利益构建的。

My studies were carried out over three phases. In Phase 1, outlines of the European mysticism which has a increasing actualities on our society and is now regarded as a academic theme according to the philosophy and the theology. I sought to understand how the ancient mysticism was estimated and transferred into the spiritual history of Europe, for example by R. Otto, M. Eliade, H. v. Bader, A. Schopenhauer, F. Nietzsche, J. Grimm, M. Heidegger, E. Bloch, and K. Nakano.In Phases 2, attention moved to an analysis of works of Meister Eckhart who lived in the 13. and 14. Century in Germany and whose activities had a vital importance in the history of the late medieval Spirituality. Analyses were based on historical data from town archives of Erfurt (East Germany) and Strasbourg (French) in which Eckhart had worked as a clergy. The Analyses show that Eckhart was in charge of two tasks, that is to say, of the theological education of his younger brothers and of a cure of female beguines who were associated with religious heretical movements in the late middle ages.In Phases 3, I aimed to show how the female mystics had described their spiritual experiences in the form of literature and their autobiographical works are applicable to the historical gender studies.As a result, I found a lot of evidences of the relationships between the clerical and academic elements of German mysticism, and showed successfully that German mysticism was constructed by historical interests of the late medieval society.