Positivistic study of the amendments to the law concerning the landlord and tenant in 1960s - as a reaction to the change of the Japanese post-war society

这项研究重新审视了1966年关于租赁土地和出租房屋的法律修正案。作为修正案草案，法务省于1956年公布了由WagatSuma Sakae教授编写的《关于租赁土地和出租房屋的法律修正案的初步计划纲要》。然而，这一暂定计划遭到了土地所有者的相当大的抵制，因为它的目的是为了赋予承租人权力，将财产租赁的法律性质从动产转变为不动产。由于反应强烈，司法部决定放弃其雄心勃勃的计划，将复审工作限制在紧急需要的事项上，从而在1966年实现了修正案。本研究考察了提出修订的主要原因，特别是旨在改变财产租赁的法律性质并引入新的纠纷解决制度的原因。在赠款的帮助下，调查人员对…More R收集和研究了许多当时写的草稿、文件、会议报告和论文，以澄清一篇以独京市Hogaku写成的文章中的大量修订工作，这是研究的结果。和间打算将财产租赁的法律性质转变为不动产，以期使承租人能够在不受土地所有者干预的情况下转让、转租其权利，甚至构成权利的抵押。此外，对于城市防火，建设部要求司法部引入促进建筑重建的制度。租赁纠纷占当时地区法院管辖的诉讼案件的20%以上，司法部方面需要一个新的纠纷解决机制。然而，法官们对拟议的修正案犹豫不决，担心拟议的争端解决制度可能会加重法院的负担，因为它强调了他们对诉讼的积极干预。笔者还指出，由于官方信息公开制度的完善，重新审视战后民政法中的讨论，对于在行动中完善法律是有益的。较少

This research reexamines the amendments in 1966 to the law concerning leased land and rented house. As a draft for the amendments, The Ministry of Justice announced in 1956 "Outline of the tentative plan for the amendments to the law concerning Leased Land and Rented House", prepared by professor WAGATSUMA Sakae. However, this tentative plan met a considerable resistance from the landowners, since it aims, with the purpose of empowering the leaseholders, to transform the legal nature of property lease from personal property to real property. Due to the severe reaction, the Ministry of Justice decided to renounce its ambitious plan and to limit its reexamination work to the matters of urgent necessity, thus achieved the amendments in 1966. This research examines the main reason of the proposed amendments, especially the reason why it aimed to transform the legal nature of the property lease and to introduce a new dispute solution system.With the help of the grant-in-aid, the investigato … More r collected and examined many drafts, documents, conference reports and papers written at that time to clarify a big flow of revision work in an article written in Dokkyo Hogaku as a result of the research. Wagatsuma intended to transform the legal nature of the property lease into real property with the view to enabling the leaseholder to transfer, sublease his right and even constitute mortgage of the right without the intervention of the landowners. Also, for the city fireproofing, the Ministry of Construction requested the Ministry of the Justice to introduce a system facilitating the reconstruction of the building. The disputes concerning the lease problem occupying 20 percent or more of the litigation under jurisdiction of the district court at that time, the Ministry of Justice for his part needed a new dispute solution system. However, the judges had a hesitation to the proposed amendments for the fear that the proposed dispute solution system might overweight load of the court, since it emphasized their active interventions in the litigation. I also pointed out that due to the amelioration of the disclosure of official information it is profitable to reexamine the discussion in the civil affairs legislation in postwar days for the improvement of the law in action. Less