Basic Theory on Land Boundry: Contribution through Comparative study of Japanese and French Law

日本的土地界线制度非常重视地籍界线。在边界诉讼中，民事法院不确定所有权边界。法院重建了明治维新时土地税改革时确定的原始地籍线。问题是，地籍边界不一定与所有权边界相对应，而且由于其行政性质，无法通过相邻土地所有者达成的协议加以确定。相反，法国法律采取的是以土地所有权为导向的制度。著名的拿破仑地籍是为了征收土地税而建立的。法国民事法院可以通过“出生地诉讼”来确定所有权边界。日本法律需要更多地关注所有权边界。真实的房地产测量师可以通过寻求相邻土地所有者的同意，在连接所有权边界和地籍边界方面发挥重要作用。

The Japanese land boundary system attaches great importance to the cadastral boundary. In boundary litigations, the civil courts do not determine the ownership boundary. The Courts reconstruct the original cadastral line daterminded at the time of the land-tax reform at Meiji Restoration. The problem is that the cadastral boundary does not necessarily correspond to the ownership boundary and that it cannot be fixed by the agreement made by the adjoining landowners, due to its administrative character. On the contrary the French law adopts a system oriented to the land ownership. The famous Napoleon cadaster was created for the purpose of taxation of the land tax. The French civil courts can determine the ownership boundary by "action en bornage". The Japanese law needs to focus more on the ownership boundary. Real estate surveyors may play a significant role in linking the ownership boundary and cadastral boundary by seeking the agreement of the adjoining landowners.