A Study of School-Community Complex of Facilities

本研究的目的是通过关注学校-社区设施复合体的问题，阐明学校与当地社区的关系。“学校-社区综合设施”是指在学校大院内建立社区中心、幼儿园、托儿所和养老院等设施，以期建立“学校与当地社区的合作关系”。“这项研究涉及实地调查，包括对设施的视察图尔斯、收集数据和访问学校-社区综合设施，不仅在日本，而且在被认为是这一领域先驱案例的北方也是如此。实地调查的范围扩大到学校建筑的建筑物，这些建筑物不完全是学校-社区综合设施，但部分是为当地社区建造的。通过这些实地调查，本研究发现了京都南山城村学校合并的案例。该村于2003年3月关闭了田山小学、高尾小学和小川原小学三所小学，并于2003年4月合并开设了南山城小学。这所学校是一个综合设施的实体，在其大院内有一所幼儿园和一个健康和福利中心。本研究包括对多山和高尾地区居民的采访，以及对设施复杂的南山城小学的实地调查。本研究的目的是弄清合并后的田山小学和高尾小学与当地居民之间的关系，以及新设的南山城小学与校内设施与当地居民之间的关系。本研究成功地揭示了学校作为当地社区中心的功能，这一功能超出了儿童教育机构的范畴。

This study aims to clarify how schools and local communities are related by focusing on the issue of school-community complex of facilities. "School-community complex facilities" represents establishing facilities such as a community center, kindergarten, nursery school and nursing home on a school compound, with the view to establishing "cooperative relations between schools and local communities."This study involves field surveys including inspection tours of facilities, collection of data and interviews at school-community complex facilities not only in Japan, but also those of Northern Europe, which are considered to be pioneering cases in this area. The scope of the field surveys expands into the buildings of school architecture that are not exactly school-community complex facilities, but have been built partly to be utilized for local communities. Through these field surveys the study found the case of the school consolidation in Minami-Yamashiro Village, Kyoto. In the village, three elementary schools, Tayama Elementary School, Takao Elementary School and Ogawara Elementary School, were closed down on March, 2003, and Minami Yamashiro Elementary School was opened as a consolidation of these schools on April, 2003. This school is an entity of complex facilities that have a nursery school and a health and welfare center on its compound. This study includes the interviews of residents in the districts of Tayama and Takao, as well as the field survey of Minami Yamashiro Elementary School, complex facilities. The purpose of the interviews is to clarify how now consolidated Tayama Elementary School and Takao Elementary School and local residents were related to each other, and how newly established Minami Yamashiro Elementary School and the facilities on its compound and local residents are related to each other.This study has succeeded in revealing the functions of schools as local community centers, which go beyond that of educational organizations for children.