Creating a Supportive Nursing Program to Help Preschool Children and Schoolchildren with Chronic Diseases Become More Self-Sufficient during their Transition to Home Care

本研究探讨支持性护理方案的建立，使患有慢性疾病的学龄前儿童和学龄儿童在家庭护理期间的医疗程序中更加自给自足。在2004年，我们访问了10个在家照顾孩子的家庭。通过分析他们帮助患慢性病的孩子过渡到家庭护理的经验，我了解了在这种过渡过程中所需要的支持。因此，我发现提供指导性的支持和“发现孩子的长处和展示孩子能力的方法”是很重要的，以便在孩子第一次回家的困惑时期为家庭提供适当的支持。在这段时间里，当家庭自己努力适应时，重要的是向他们提供“关于家庭和孩子积极参与社会的方式的信息”，并帮助他们做出家庭决定的能力。更多的家庭依靠自己的努力来调整他们的生活以适应他们的环境，他们需要被保证他们将被告知他们可以做出的选择和家庭的医疗程序，并帮助“建立和扩大他们与社会的牢固联系”。2005年，我试图通过对患有慢性疾病的儿童离开医院和经历家庭护理的护理人员进行访谈调查，澄清儿童在医疗程序中获得自给自足的情况，他们获得援助的状况，以及从幼儿期开始获得医疗程序的条件。对在关东地区郊区儿科专科医院和巡回护士站工作的16名护士进行了访谈。因此，我明确了幼儿获得医疗程序援助的判断标准，明确了协助医疗程序的方法。最后，我们为我们的项目找到了一些有用的建议，这些建议是关于从幼儿开始自给自足地获得医疗程序的。这包括在规划从幼儿期开始获得医疗程序时应进行的评估（评估儿童的准备情况、家庭准备情况、与儿童的关系、对环境的接受程度、影响获得医疗程序的外部因素以及将获得的医疗程序的性质）。还研究了关于帮助儿童的建议。有关于在儿童出院前后提供适当家庭援助的建议；指导儿童学习自给自足的医疗程序的步骤；沟通;孩子日益增强的自给自足意识；提高家庭意识；建立日常习惯的方法；并避免危险等。少

This study discusses the creation of a supportive nursing care program which enables preschool children and young schoolchildren with chronic diseases become more self-sufficient in medical treatment procedures during home care.Ten families who were caring for their children at home were interviewed in 2004. Analysis of their experiences in helping their chronically ill child make the transition to home care provided me with information about the support that is necessary during such a transition. As a result, I found that it is important to provide instructive support and "ways to discover your child's strengths and demonstrate your child's capabilities" in order to properly support the family during the confusing period when their child first comes home. During this period when the family is struggling on its own to adjust, it is important to give them "information on the ways family and child can participate actively in society," and assist their capacity to make family decisions. A … More s the family works on its own to adjust their lives to their circumstances, they need to be assured that they will be informed of the choices available to them and the family's medical treatment procedures, and helped to "make and expand their solid connection to society."In 2005, I sought to clarify the children's acquisition of self-sufficiency with medical treatment procedures, the status of their assistance, and the conditions of the acquisition of medical treatment procedures from early childhood by conducting interview surveys of the nursing staff that are assisting children with chronic diseases as they leave the hospital and experience home care. Sixteen nurses who worked at specialized pediatric hospitals and at visiting nurse stations in the suburbs of the Kanto region were interviewed. As a result, I clarified the criteria for judging the assistance provided for acquiring medical treatment procedures from early childhood and clarified methods of assisting medical treatment procedures. Finally, we found useful suggestions for our program on self-sufficient acquisition of medical treatment procedures from early childhood. These include an assessment (of the child's readiness, family readiness, the relationship with the child, the receptivity of the surroundings, external factors influencing the acquisition of medical procedures, and the nature of the medical procedures to be acquired) that should be made when planning for acquisition of medical treatment procedures from early childhood. Advice on assisting the child was also studied. There were suggestions about family assistance that is appropriate before and after the child is discharged from the hospital ; steps for guiding the child to learn self-sufficient medical treatment procedures ; communication ; the child's growing awareness of self-sufficiency ; increasing family awareness ; ways to establish routines ; and the avoidance of hazards, etc. Less