Collective Wisdom Concerned with the Formation of Cyclic-Type Lifestyle and the Introduction of the Guiding Principle for the Life of 21st Century

本研究旨在通过系统收集日本各地传承或过去的多方面案例，以各地资源的流通为基础，构建一个与生活方式相关的智慧数据库，并在此基础上提出21世纪生活方式的指导原则。本文以日本各地的生活状况为基础，按照传统平原村、传统山村、传统渔村、传统小镇和新兴小镇五个地域特征进行文献调查和实地调查，收集数据基础。将收集到的与循环式生活方式有关的各种智慧进行整理和分类，得出以下结论：即“感恩接受”、“避免浪费”、“利用”、“充分利用”、“善待”、“回归自然”、“深情”等古代日语中蕴含的人对事物的态度和情感，应该是这些智慧的支撑。得出了建设适应21世纪要求的循环型社会的指导原则。结果表明：(1)建设以产业和行政为中心的循环型社会的活动必须持续推进；(2)建设循环型社会，把老百姓作为循环型生活实践的主体，是极其重要的；(3)作为值得骄傲和宝贵的生活文化，必须重新确认和认识这些在当地社区传承下来的智慧，并在21世纪加以利用。

This study aims at building a data base of wisdom concerned with the lifestyle based on the circulation of resources cultivated at various places in Japan by collecting many-sided cases inherited or in the past systemically, and based on it, introducing the guiding principle for the lifestyle of 21st century.On the basis of living conditions in various place in Japan, the literature investigation and field survey was carried on according to five regional characteristics of a traditional plain village, a traditional mountain village, a traditional fishing village, a traditional town and a boom town for collecting the data base.Sorting out and classifying various wisdom collected concerned with cyclic-type lifestyle, the following comes to light : that is, the ancient Japanese language like "Itadaku (accept with thanks)", "Mudaonakusu (avoid waste)", "Yakudateru (take something to advantage)", "Tukaitsukusu (use something to the full)", "Itawaru (treat things kindly)", "Kaesu (return to nature)", and "Itsukushimu, (be affectionate to things)" that connote people's attitude and emotions toward things should be the support of these wisdom. And the guiding principle for building a Cyclic-Type Society demanded to suit the 21st century was obtained.As a result, the follow become clear: (1)The activities for building a Cyclic-Type society with industries and administration as the central role must be pushed on continuously; (2)For building a Cyclic-Type society, it is extremely important to place the common people as the subject of the practice of a cyclic-type life; (3)It is important to reconfirm, and realize again these wisdom inherited at the local communities as a proud and valuable living culture, and utilize them in the 21st century.