Grammatical descriptions and language change research on minority languages in Southeast Asia, Australia, and Africa.

北野三次访问了菲律宾的洛杉矶市，并使用引出的和自然的对话数据，对卡潘潘干的语法方面进行了实地研究，特别是悬垂、及物性和语气。他还开始对洛杉矶的双音情况进行社会语言学研究，那里使用Kapampangan和Tagalog。他在国际和国内会议和研讨会上发表了他的研究成果，并为一些出版物撰写了文章。Tsunoda继续协助澳大利亚东北部汤斯维尔的Warrongo语言复兴活动。在澳大利亚西北部的霍尔斯克里克，应金伯利语言资源中心的要求，他收集了一些关于万尼吉拉的词汇和语法的数据，特别是对沃龙戈，他调查了语言死亡和语言复兴中的语言现象。关于语言死亡，他发现了不符合Tsunoda(2006)报告的一般趋势的现象，例如(I)说话人的类型，(Ii)容易丢失的词性，(Iii)容易丢失的名词。关于语言复兴，他发现(I)发音和(Ii)名词的语义发生了变化。Horie进行了以下三个方面的研究：(1)Adioukrou从句的类型学和描述性研究；(2)马拉提语和韩语等亚洲语言的配价、语法化和语言接触的类型学研究；(3)认知类型学。他的研究成果在许多国际和国内会议上发表，并在语言期刊和丛书上发表。

Kitano visited Angeles City, the Philippines, three times and did fieldwork on grammatical aspects of Kapampangan, especially clitics, transitivity, and modes, using elicited and natural conversational data. He also started sociolinguistic research on the diglossic situation of Angeles, where Kapampangan and Tagalog are used. He presented his research results at international and domestic conferences and workshops, and wrote articles for some publications.Tsunoda continued his assistance for the Warrongo language revival activities in Townsville, northeast Australia. In Halls Creek, northwest Australia, at the request of Kimberley Language Resource Centre, he collected some data on the vocabulary and grammar of Wanyjirra.Particularly for Warrongo, he investigated the linguistic phenomena that occur in language death and language revival. Regarding language death, he has found phenomena that do not conform to the general tendencies reported in Tsunoda (2006), e.g. (i) typology of speakers, (ii) those parts of speech that are prone to loss, and (iii) those nouns that are prone to loss. Concerning language revival, he has found changes in (i) pronunciation, and (ii) semantics of nouns. Mie Tsunoda, the co-researcher, participated in all the activities and research outlined above.Horie did research in the following three areas: (i) typological and descriptive research on Adioukrou subordinate clauses, (ii) typological research on valency, grammaticalization, and language contact in Asian languages, such as Marathi and Korean, and (iii) cognitive typology. His research results were presented at numerous international and domestic conferences, and published in linguistic journals and volumes.