Birth and Growth of Printing Culture in Mongolia

人们普遍和广泛地认为，早在公元14世纪，藏传佛教传入蒙古，产生了所谓的书面蒙古语，蒙古人至今仍在使用这种文字，尽管前者如何影响后者尚不清楚。和可以理解的。关键在于佛教蒙语的特点，即佛教著作中使用的蒙语以及蒙古佛教著作的传播和出版，佛教蒙语是在维吾尔语、藏语等周边语言的影响下形成的。这种语言虽属蒙语，但从句法、词法等方面看，它与世俗文学的语言有很大的不同，既有大量的口语化，又有许多本土元素。首席研究员与蒙古、中国、俄罗斯、韩国等国的许多学者保持着密切和频繁的联系，广泛保存和研究蒙古文出版资料，即佛教著作，并与他们共同研究手写作品的出版方式和原因，其中一些在多次学术会议上进行了阅读并等待出版。在研究项目中得到的结果如下。1 .佛教著作的蒙古文译本是如何诞生的？它们是如何受到蒙古学者的欢迎的？2 .他们的出版项目在多大程度上与过程相关？3 .蒙古文化在出版项目中经历了多深的变化，即哪些丢失了，哪些保留了。许多新发现的事实被报道，并在同一学科的学者之间进行了大量讨论。它们将很快出版，并以对惠普的评论开篇。

It is generally and widely believed that the introduction of Tibetan Buddhism into Mongolia, which occurred in as early as the 14^<th> century, gave rise to the so-called Written Mongolian, which is still used by the Mongols, although how the former had exercised influences upon the latter is far from clear. and understandable. The key lies tin the characteristics of Buddhist Mongolian, namely Mongolian language used in the Buddhist works and transmission and publishing of Mongolian Buddhist works, Buddhist Mongolian had been formed under the influences of surrounding languages such as Uighur, Tibetan Chinese and so on. Though categorized into one under the same name of Mongolian, this language was largely different from the language of secular literature, which was of much colloquialism as well as of many native elements, from the viewpoint of syntax, morphology etc. The head investigator has been keeping close and frequent contact with many scholars of Mongolia, China, Russia and Korea, where published materials in Mongolian language, namely Buddhist works are widely kept and studied and jointly done research with them on the topic of how and why handwritten works were published Some of them were read in a number of academic meetings and awaited publishing. What was obtained in the research project are as follows. 1 How the Mongolian translations of Buddhist works were born and how they were welcomed by the Mongolian scholars. 2 To what degree publishing projects of them were related to the process. 3 How deeply Mongolian culture went through the publishing projects, namely what was lost and what was maintained are in focus. A number of newly found facts were reported and much discusses among the scholars of the same discipline. They will be published shortly and also opened with commentaries on HP..