Evolution of mine caves in soluble rocks driven by deep-seated settings

可溶性岩石的渗透率随着时间的延长而显著增加。虽然初级渗透率受初始孔隙和裂缝空间控制，但通过可溶岩石循环的流体可以将孔隙和裂缝表面的物质带走，增加岩石中相互连接的空隙空间，从而产生次级渗透率，通常比初级渗透率大几个数量级。当可溶岩石中的传质过程通过扩大的管道形成集中流动时，我们通常把这种系统称为岩溶。裂缝和孔隙空间的扩大称为洞穴形成作用。喀斯特的时间演化是由水流驱动的。根据流体的成因，我们将其区分为表成岩溶演化和次成岩溶演化，前者为可溶岩层上方的流动，后者为可溶岩层下方的流动。虽然表观成因岩溶演化已被很好地理解并在文献中占主导地位，但欠成因岩溶演化则更加难以捉摸。究其原因，往往是深生环境下发育的岩溶构造通达性受限。我们建议建立耦合流动、输运和反应的数值模型，以描述矿洞这一类洞穴的时间演化，这些洞穴通常是在低成岩条件下发现的。我们使用各种位置（来自德国）来推导一个设置和适当的边界条件。我们主要从两个不同的方面，即矿洞环境中的化学和流体，定量地了解导致矿洞形成的过程。

Permeability in soluble rocks increases significantly with time. While the primary permeability is controlled by the initial pore and fracture space, the fluid circulating through soluble rocks can remove material from pore and fracture surfaces, increasing the interconnected void space in the rock and thus creating a secondary permeability, often orders of magnitude larger than the primary permeability. When the mass transfer in soluble rocks creates focused flow through enlarged conduits, we often refer to the system as karst. The enlargement of fractures and pore spaces is called speleogenesis. The temporal evolution of karst is driven by flow. Depending on the origin of the fluid, we distinguish epigenetic and hypogenetic karst evolution, the former with flow from above the soluble rock formation, the latter with flow from below. While epigenetic karst evolution is well understood and dominates the literature, hypogenetic karst evolution is more elusive. The reason is often the restricted accessibility of karst structures developed under hypogene settings. We propose to develop numerical models, coupling flow, transport and reaction, which describe the temporal evolution of a species type of caves, mine caves, discovered by mining and often developed under hypogenetic conditions. We use a variety of locations (from Germany) to derive a setup and appropriate boundary conditions. Focusing on two different aspects, the chemistry and the flow in mine-cave settings, we want to learn about the processes leading to mine-cave formation in a quantitative way.